Solar thermal decoupled water electrolysis process I: Proof of concept

Palumbo, Robert; Diver, R; Larson, Carol; Coker, Eric N.; Miller, James E.; Guertin, J.M.; Schoer, Jonathan; Meyer, Michael; Siegel, Nathan P.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2012.08.023

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…+0.77 7.2 -99.88% -Goodwin and Walsh [55] Ma et al [86] FcNCl +0.6 6.5 20 100% 100% Li et al [56] Hydroquinone sulfonate +0.65 0.7 20 98 ± 7% 91 ± 5% Rausch et al [61] AQDS +0.214 0 100 100% 100% Kirkaldy et al [62] NiOOH/Ni(OH) 2 +0.55 14 100 100% 100% Chen et al [64] Landman et al [66,74] Dotan et al [72] FeO x +0.8 to +1.5 14 50 >90% >90% Jin et al [75] MnO 2 /MnOOH +0.15 14 10 ≈100% -Choi et al [76] Fe 3 O 4 /FeOOH ---100% -Palumbo et al [77] CoO ---100% -Nudehi et al [78] PTPAn +0.789 +0.689 0.3 120 97.8% 97.8% Ma et al [79] PTO +0.46 +0.589 0.3 300 98.7% 98.7% Ma et al [83] PANI +0.45 +0.91 0.3 40 --Wang et al [84] steps in showcasing decoupling as a way around some of these technical challenges were taken by Bloor et al, again using phosphomolybdic acid as the decoupling agent. [34] In that study, a tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) photoanode was employed to perform water oxidation within a photoelectrochemical cell, where the cathode reaction was reduction and protonation of phosphomolybdic acid (Equation (5)), rather than direct hydrogen production (see Figure 3).…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Palumbo et al used this as their starting point for assessing the prospects for a combined thermalelectrochemical cycle for decoupled water splitting, for these three metal oxides, according to the general scheme shown in Figure 14. [77] According to this scheme, thermally generated magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) can be reoxidized electrochemically to give Fe 2 O 3 , with simultaneous hydrogen generation occurring at the cathode. The oxygen and hydrogen generation steps are thus completely decoupled via the use of this metal oxide mediator.…”

Section: Solar-thermal Decoupled Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis also revealed that the redox processes of PTO were not Figure 14. The solar thermal decoupled process proposed by Palumbo et al [77] using the example of iron oxides. Figure 15.…”

Section: Solid Organic Decoupling Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupled Electrochemical Water Splitting: From Fundamentals to Applications

McHugh

Stergiou

Symes

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

234

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rely on fossil fuels is of great importance. Renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, and tidal energy constitute arguably the most promising of these clean energy solutions, but suffer from the fact that they are intermittent. [6] Direct power supply from these sources therefore cannot be relied upon to satisfy instantaneous energy demands. [7] A means of storing the energy generated by these renewable sources is therefore essential if we are to depend more heavily on renewably generated power. [8] Hydrogen (H 2) is often proposed in this context as a promising "carbon neutral" energy carrier (i.e., fuel). In such a system, renewably generated electricity is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen may be vented to the atmosphere whilst the hydrogen is stored as a fuel. This hydrogen is then subsequently oxidized (either by combustion or in a fuel cell) to regenerate water and to release energy. Hydrogen is not a perfect fuel but it does have a number of attractive properties such as its low toxicity, ability to be transported safely over long distances via pipeline, [9] and its high energy density per unit mass (three times greater than that of gasoline). [10] Moreover, sustainably sourced hydrogen could be used to reduce CO 2 or N 2 from the atmosphere to generate carbon-neutral fuels and commodity chemicals such as hydrocarbons and ammonia. In many ways then, hydrogen can be viewed as the key to a sustainable energy cycle. The process of water electrolysis can be considered in terms of its two half-reactions: the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These half-equations differ somewhat depending on the pH at which the electrolysis is carried out. At low pH, the HER and OER proceed as follows (all potentials are vs the standard hydrogen electrode, SHE)

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Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solar-thermal Decoupled Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupled Electrochemical Water Splitting: From Fundamentals to Applications

McHugh

Stergiou

Symes

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

234

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“…One way to produce hydrogen gas is by water electrolysis which also produces oxygen. In recent years different engineers tried to produce hydrogen and oxygen mixture using renewable solar energy [14]. This study is devoted to explore the feasibility of using such hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture that produced by water electrolysis in diesel engine [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Supporting Diesel Engine Using Solar–Hydrogen Energy Cycle

Hamdan

2015

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract.This experimental study evaluates the feasibility of supporting compression ignition engine that primary run on diesel fuel with hydrogen gas that is produced by solar-hydrogen cycle. A photovoltaic panel is used to produce hydrogen through electrolysis from solar energy. Different mass ratio of hydrogen enrichment to liquid diesel fuel are tested on an engine operating under fixed torque of 14.7 N-m and engine rotational speed of 1100 rpm. Under same loading condition, the study shows that hydrogen can be used to reduce diesel fuel consumption and CO2 emission however this comes on the cost of increasing of NOx emission. The results show that beyond a maximum mass ratio of hydrogen-to-diesel of 9.7%, the engine starts knocking. The experiment shows that adding hydrogen to the air intake of a diesel requires a simple pluming operation in which hydrogen is allowed to enter the engine from the air intake manifold and hence the cost of retrofitting of current diesel engine is considered marginal.

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“…The applications are truly endless [7] from solar thermal decoupled water electrolysis process [8] and the solar thermal electrolytic production of Mg from MgO [9] up to using solar energy for cooling in the agro-food industries (e.g. [10]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electromotive Force Dependence on the Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Illuminance

et al. 2015

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The impact of illuminance on changes of the solar cell electromotive force is analyzed. A mathematical model for a solar cell electromotive force dependence on illuminance is presented. For this purpose, a selection of experimental data trend function was carried out, and the Pearson correlation coecients were established. The most optimal results were obtained in case of an exponential function with the strongest correlation (R 2 = 0.983). The analysis has shown that at 100 W/m 2 illuminance the electromotive force saturation is obtained (the electromotive force changes insignicantly and uctuates at around 2 V), which indicates that upon reaching such an illuminance a solar cell operates at maximum eciency. A rst-order dierential equation satised by the trend function has been compiled. When interpreting illuminance as an evolution variable, the proposed mathematical model can be interpreted as a dynamical system. The deviation frequency spectrum of the measurement values with respect to the theoretical prediction is analyzed.

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Solar thermal decoupled water electrolysis process I: Proof of concept

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Decoupled Electrochemical Water Splitting: From Fundamentals to Applications

Decoupled Electrochemical Water Splitting: From Fundamentals to Applications

Feasibility of Supporting Diesel Engine Using Solar–Hydrogen Energy Cycle

The Electromotive Force Dependence on the Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Illuminance

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