Solar UAV design framework for a HALE flight

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the development of an optimal design framework for high altitude long endurance solar unmanned aerial vehicle. The proposed solar aircraft design framework provides a simple method to design solar aircraft for users of all levels of experience. Design/methodology/approach This design framework consists of algorithms and user interfaces for the design of experiments, optimization and mission analysis that includes aerodynamics, performance, solar energy, weight and flight distances. Findings The proposed sizing method produces the optimal solar aircraft that yields the minimum weight and satisfies the constraints such as the power balance, the night time energy balance and the lift coefficient limit. Research limitations/implications The design conditions for the sizing process are given in terms of mission altitudes, flight dates, flight latitudes/longitudes and design factors for the aircraft configuration. Practical implications The framework environment is light and easily accessible as it is implemented using open programs without the use of any expensive commercial tools or in-house programs. In addition, this study presents a sizing method for solar aircraft as traditional sizing methods fail to reflect their unique features. Social implications Solar aircraft can be used in place of a satellite and introduce many advantages. The solar aircraft is much cheaper than the conventional satellite, which costs approximately $200-300m. It operates at a closer altitude to the ground and allows for a better visual inspection. It also provides greater flexibility of missions and covers a wider range of applications. Originality/value This study presents the implementation of a function that yields optimized flight performance under the given mission conditions, such as climb, cruise and descent for a solar aircraft.

Implementing Solar-Powered HAPS for Rural broadband Connectivity: Concepts, Challenges & Mitigation

“…So the complexity of achieving the level of endurance needed for solar HAPS within all the constraints mentioned is significant. Hwang et al [9], proposed a design framework for high altitude long endurance solar unmanned aerial vehicles with the aim of aiding solar aircraft designs. The framework did not consider energy management algorithms but highlighted integrating essential technologies like light, high efficiency solar conversion and storage devices, ultra-light-weight airframe materials as critical for solar aircraft.…”

$$CO_2$$ footprint minimization of solar-powered HALE using MDO and eco-material selection

“…The optimizer is used to find a feasible vehicle using the mostly energy related constraints. Optimizations seeking higher fidelity were carried out 14 , and a design framework was built 15 . However, all these studies focused solely on mass optimization and did not consider the environmental footprint of the drones.…”