SolBeePop: A model of solitary bee populations in agricultural landscapes

Schmolke, Amelie; Galic, Nika; Hinarejos, Silvia

doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14541

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Ecological models have been developed to address questions at different levels of biological organisation. For instance, how species richness is affected by habitat fragmentation (Thompson et al., 2020); or how single species populations respond to multiple stressors at local to landscape scales (Horn et al., 2016; Johnston et al., 2018; Schmolke et al., 2023). Reviews of models developed at each organisational level (e.g.…”

Section: Ecological Models At Different Levels Of Biological Organiza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

Johnston

2024

Global Change Biology

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Restoring biodiversity‐based resilience and ecosystem multi‐functionality needs to be informed by more accurate predictions of animal biodiversity responses to environmental change. Ecological models make a substantial contribution to this understanding, especially when they encode the biological mechanisms and processes that give rise to emergent patterns (population, community, ecosystem properties and dynamics). Here, a distinction between ‘mechanistic’ and ‘process‐based’ ecological models is established to review existing approaches. Mechanistic and process‐based ecological models have made key advances to understanding the structure, function and dynamics of animal biodiversity, but are typically designed to account for specific levels of biological organisation and spatiotemporal scales. Cross‐scale ecological models, which predict emergent co‐occurring biodiversity patterns at interacting scales of space, time and biological organisation, is a critical next step in predictive ecology. A way forward is to first capitalise on existing models to systematically evaluate the ability of scale‐explicit mechanisms and processes to predict emergent patterns at alternative scales. Such model intercomparisons will reveal mechanism to process transitions across fine to broad scales, overcome approach‐specific barriers to model realism or tractability and identify gaps which necessitate the development of new fundamental principles. Key challenges surrounding model complexity and uncertainty would need to be addressed, and while opportunities from big data can streamline the integration of multiple scale‐explicit biodiversity patterns, ambitious cross‐scale field studies are also needed. Crucially, overcoming cross‐scale ecological modelling challenges would unite disparate fields of ecology with the common goal of improving the evidence‐base to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystems under novel environmental change.

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Section: Ecological Models At Different Levels Of Biological Organiza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

Johnston

2024

Global Change Biology

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SolBeePop_ecotox: A Population Model for Pesticide Risk Assessments of Solitary Bees

Schmolke,

Galic,

Roeben

et al. 2024

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In agricultural landscapes, solitary bees occur in a large diversity of species and are important for crop and wildflower pollination. They are distinguished from honey bees and bumble bees by their solitary lifestyle as well as different nesting strategies, phenologies, and floral preferences. Their ecological traits and presence in agricultural landscapes imply potential exposure to pesticides and suggest a need to conduct ecological risk assessments for solitary bees. However, assessing risks to the large diversity of managed and wild bees across landscapes and regions poses a formidable challenge. Population models provide tools to estimate potential population‐level effects of pesticide exposures, can support field study design and interpretation, and can be applied to expand study data to untested conditions. We present a population model for solitary bees, SolBeePopecotox, developed for use in the context of ecological risk assessments. The trait‐based model extends a previous version with the explicit representation of exposures to pesticides from relevant routes. Effects are implemented in the model using a simplified toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic model, BeeGUTS (GUTS = generalized unified threshold model for survival), adapted specifically for bees. We evaluated the model with data from semifield studies conducted with the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, in which bees were foraging in tunnels over control and insecticide‐treated oilseed rape fields. We extended the simulations to capture hypothetical semifield studies with two soil‐nesting species, Nomia melanderi and Eucera pruinosa, which are difficult to test in empirical studies. The model provides a versatile tool for higher‐tier risk assessments, for instance, to estimate effects of potential exposures, expanding available study data to untested species, environmental conditions, or exposure scenarios. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1–17. © 2024 SETAC

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What can laboratory studies tell us about potential effects of pesticides on nontarget arthropods populations and communities in the field?

Thompson,

Elston

2024

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Over the past decades, concern has been increasing over reported declines in aboveground biodiversity on farmland. In many regions, data on the toxicity of pesticides to honeybees (Apis mellifera), but not wider nontarget arthropod (NTA) data, are required for pesticide registration. In Europe, the effects of pesticides on NTAs and honeybees have been the subject of regulatory risk assessment for more than 30 years, resulting in a large database. Although insecticides may be expected to affect NTA populations, solely identifying insecticidal modes of action for further NTA testing would result in redundancy among low‐risk testing products and may also exclude other modes of action with potential effects in the field. This study assessed whether the honeybee acute risk assessment could provide any indication of the potential impact and recovery time of NTAs in cropped areas at the field scale and, if so, how it might be used in a tiered testing approach. The hazard quotients (HQs; foliar application rate/LR50) were derived for 151 active substances (32% insecticides, 28% fungicides, 38% herbicides, 2% plant growth regulators) for which toxicity data for established EU Tier 1 NTA indicator species (Typhlodromus pyri, Aphidius rhopalosiphi) and application rate data were available. These HQs were compared with published NTA HQ thresholds indicating the time to recovery of NTA populations and communities in field studies (>1 to >12 months). Using the same application rate data, honeybee acute risk quotient (RQ) and HQ were also determined and compared with NTA HQs and honeybee regulatory thresholds. These comparisons demonstrated that, where required, the current regulatory honeybee acute RQ of 0.4 or honeybee HQ of 50 can provide an efficient screening tier to target NTA testing at those products and uses with potential effects in the field where recovery may exceed 12 months. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1–8. © 2024 SETAC

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SolBeePop: A model of solitary bee populations in agricultural landscapes

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

SolBeePop_ecotox: A Population Model for Pesticide Risk Assessments of Solitary Bees

What can laboratory studies tell us about potential effects of pesticides on nontarget arthropods populations and communities in the field?

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SolBeePop: A model of solitary bee populations in agricultural landscapes

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

Predicting emergent animal biodiversity patterns across multiple scales

SolBeePopecotox: A Population Model for Pesticide Risk Assessments of Solitary Bees

What can laboratory studies tell us about potential effects of pesticides on nontarget arthropods populations and communities in the field?

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Product

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SolBeePop_ecotox: A Population Model for Pesticide Risk Assessments of Solitary Bees