Solid‐phase extraction using chloropropyl functionalized sol–gel hybrid sorbent for simultaneous determination of organophosphorus pesticides in selected fruit samples

Abstract

A new sol–gel hybrid methyltrimethoxysilane‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane was prepared as sorbent for solid‐phase extraction. The extraction efficiency of the prepared sol–gel hybrid methyltrimethoxysilane‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane was assessed by using three selected organophosphorus pesticides, namely, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and malathion. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used for detection of organophosphorus pesticides. Several vital parameters were optimized to identify the best extraction conditions. Under the optimum extraction conditions, solid‐phase extraction‐methyltrimethoxysilane‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane method showed good linearity range (0.05‐1 μg/mL) with coefficient of determination more than 0.995. The limits of detection obtained were in the range of 0.01–0.07 μg/mL and limits of quantification ranging from 0.03 to 0.21 μg/mL. The limits of detection obtained for the developed method were 2.3–6.5× lower than the limits of detection of commercial octadecyl silica sorbent. Real samples analysis was carried out by applying the developed method on red apple and purple grape samples. The developed method exhibited good recoveries (88.33–120.7%) with low relative standard deviations ranging from 1.6 to 3.3% compared to commercial octadecyl silica sorbent, which showed acceptable recoveries (70.3–100.2%) and relative standard deviations (6.3–8.8%). The solid‐phase extraction‐methyltrimethoxysilane‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane method is presented as an alternative extraction method for determination of organophosphorus pesticides.

Determination of eight endocrine disruptor pesticides in bovine milk at trace levels by dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction followed by GC‐MS determination

“…The proposed method was compared with previously reported extraction methods in terms of LDR, LOD, and coefficient of determination [17, 22, 69‐72]. The results obtained are summarized in Supporting information Table S4.…”

Exploring the Potential of Microextraction in the Survey of Food Fruits and Vegetable Safety

“…Malathion, chlorpyrifos, and profenofos were determined in red apples and purple grapes through SLE/SPE with methyltrimethoxysilane-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (MTMOS-CPTES), an extraction method developed by Veloo et al [79]. Good recovery values were obtained (88.3-120.7%) with low standard deviations (1.6-3.3%) compared to the commercial octadecyl silica sorbent (70.3-100.2% ± 6.3-8.8%).…”

Analytical Extraction Methods and Sorbents’ Development for Simultaneous Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides’ Residues in Food and Water Samples: A Review

“…Veloo and Ibrahim [ 96 ] developed a SPE method using sol-gel hybrid MTMOS-CPTES for the preconcentration of three selected OPPs, namely, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and malathion from red apple and purple grape samples prior to GC-MS analysis. The developed SPE-MTMOS CPTES-GC-MS method achieved good LODs, ranging from 0.01–0.07 µg mL −1 , with good recoveries (88.33–120.7%) for all the targeted analytes.…”