Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Application in Food and Horticultural Crops

Abstract

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation technique which utilizes small amounts of an extraction phase for the extraction of target analytes from investigated sample matrices. Its simplicity of use, relatively short sample processing time, and fiber reusability have made SPME an attractive choice for many analytical applications. SPME has been widely applied to the sampling and analysis of environmental, food, aromatic, metallic, forensic, and pharmaceutical samples. Solid phase microextraction is used in horticultural crops, for example, to determine water and soil contaminants (pesticides, alcohols, phenols, amines, herbicides, etc.). SPME is also used in the food industry to separate biologically active substances in food products for various purposes, for example, disease prevention, determining the smell of food products, and analyzing tastes. SPME has been applied to forensic analysis to determine the alcohol concentration in blood and that of sugar in urine. This method has also been widely used in pharmaceutical analysis. It is a solvent-free sample preparation technique that integrates sampling, isolation, and concentration. This review focuses on recent work on the use of SPME techniques in the analysis of food and horticultural crops.

Enhancing the efficiency of polypyrrole-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid in-tube solid-phase microextraction coating for analysis of nitrogen-containing pesticides in water environments

“…In particular, in-tube SPME (IT-SPME) has been widely applied in the analysis of pollutants in environmental, food, and biological samples due to its simplicity and excellent extraction performance (Kataoka, 2021;Badawy et al, 2022). The key to the success of IT-SPME lies in the proper selection of the coating material, as the concentration equilibrium between the target analytes and the adsorbent occurs on the coating (Lasarte-Aragonés et al, 2020;Peng and Cao, 2021;Agatonovic-Kustrin et al, 2023). Common coating materials for IT-SPME are porous polydivinylbenzene (Supel-Q), TRB-5 (95% dimethyl/5% diphenyl polysiloxane), carboxylic molecular sieves, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyethylene glycol (Sun et al, 2022).…”