The tripeptide sequence arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) has been identified as the common motif used by several endogenous ligands to recognise and bind a group of integrins, [1] including a V b 3 , a V b 5 , a 5 b 1 , which play key roles in angiogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis.[2] The context of the ligand RGD sequence (flanking residues, three-dimensional presentation) and individual features of the integrin binding pockets determine the recognition specificity and discrimination ability, that is, whether a productive interaction occurs. A major breakthrough for understanding this interaction came in 2002 from the X-ray structure determination of the complex of integrin a V b 3 with cyclo-[Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-N(Me)-Val] (Cilengitide).[3] This potent a V b 3 ligand was developed by Kessler and co-workers, [4] and is currently in phase III clinical trials for patients with glioblastoma multiforme as an angiogenesisis inhibitor.