Solid-State and Multidimensional Solution-State NMR of Solid Phase Extracted and Ultrafiltered Riverine Dissolved Organic Matter

Kaiser, Edith; Simpson, André J.; Dria, Karl J.; Sulzberger, Barbara; Hatcher, Patrick G.

doi:10.1021/es020174b

Cited by 73 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In either case, the O-alkyl C or carbohydrate abundance in UDOM is very high in the FCE compared with other aquatic environments (e.g., Engelhaupt and Bianchi 2001;Bianchi et al 2004). Considering the low relative abundance of O-alkyl C in UDOM in an oligotrophic river draining the European Alps (Kaiser et al 2003), both greater preservation and production of carbohydrates at the Everglades riverine zone are considered to be responsible for the high O-alkyl C abundance in the FCE.…”

Section: Chemical Characterization Of Udom-cpmasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

et al. 2005

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Fluorescence properties of whole water samples and molecular characteristics of ultrafiltrated dissolved organic matter (UDOM Ͼ 1,000 D) such as lignin phenol and neutral sugar compositions and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were determined along a freshwater to marine gradient in Everglades National Park. Furthermore, UDOM samples were categorized by hierarchical cluster analysis based on their pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry products. Fluorescence properties suggest that autochthonous DOM leached/exuded from biomass is quantitatively important in this system. 13C NMR spectra showed that UDOM from the oligotrophic Taylor Slough (TS) and Florida Bay (FB) ecosystems has low aromatic C (13% Ϯ 3% for TS; 2% Ϯ 2% for FB) and very high O-alkyl C (54% Ϯ 4% for TS; 75% Ϯ 4% for FB) concentrations. High O-alkyl C concentrations in FB suggest seagrass/phytoplankton communities as dominant sources of UDOM. The amount of neutral sugars was not appreciably different between the TS and FB sites (115 Ϯ 12 mg C g C Ϫ1 UDOM) but their concentrations suggest a low level of diagenesis and high production rates of this material in this oligotrophic environment. Total yield of lignin phenols (vanillyl ϩ syringyl phenols) in TS was low (0.20-0.39 mg 100 mg C Ϫ1 UDOM) compared with other riverine environments and even lower in FB (0.04-0.07 mg 100 mg C Ϫ1 UDOM) and could be a result of photodegradation and/or dilution by other autochthonous DOM. The high O-alkyl and low aromatic nature of this UDOM suggests significant biogenic inputs (as compared with soils) and limited bioavailability in this ecosystem.

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Section: Chemical Characterization Of Udom-cpmasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

et al. 2005

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“…The resin is made up of polystyrene beads that sorb protonated hydrophobic organic acids at low pH followed by elution at high pH (Thurman and Malcolm 1981;Aiken et al 1992). Solid-phase extraction uses a stationary phase comprising C 18 alkyl groups bonded to silica (SPE C-18), and it isolates both the hydrophobic acid and hydrophobic neutral fractions of dissolved organic matter (Louchouarn et al 2000;Kaiser et al 2003;Kim et al 2003Kim et al , 2006Schwede-Thomas et al 2005). The SPE C-18 method uses smaller volumes of water (liters to tens of liters) and uses either a filter disk (Kim et al 2003(Kim et al , 2006 or cartridges (Kaiser et al 2003;Schwede-Thomas et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid-phase extraction uses a stationary phase comprising C 18 alkyl groups bonded to silica (SPE C-18), and it isolates both the hydrophobic acid and hydrophobic neutral fractions of dissolved organic matter (Louchouarn et al 2000;Kaiser et al 2003;Kim et al 2003Kim et al , 2006Schwede-Thomas et al 2005). The SPE C-18 method uses smaller volumes of water (liters to tens of liters) and uses either a filter disk (Kim et al 2003(Kim et al , 2006 or cartridges (Kaiser et al 2003;Schwede-Thomas et al 2005). Like the XAD-8 method, DOM isolated by SPE C-18 tends to be enriched in chromophoric moieties, but also contains an abundance of hydrophobic aliphatic components (Kaiser et al 2003;Schwede-Thomas et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SPE C-18 method uses smaller volumes of water (liters to tens of liters) and uses either a filter disk (Kim et al 2003(Kim et al , 2006 or cartridges (Kaiser et al 2003;Schwede-Thomas et al 2005). Like the XAD-8 method, DOM isolated by SPE C-18 tends to be enriched in chromophoric moieties, but also contains an abundance of hydrophobic aliphatic components (Kaiser et al 2003;Schwede-Thomas et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the triplet state photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter isolated by chromatography and ultrafiltration using an alkylphenol probe molecule

Cawley

Hakala

Chin

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The triplet state photochemistry of dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolated by XAD and C-18 chromatography and tangential flow ultrafiltration (TFUF) was investigated using 2,4,6 trimethylphenol (TMP) as a molecular probe. Water samples were taken from an Arctic seep adjacent the Oksrukuyik River (OKS) on the north slope of Alaska, USA, where DOM is derived primarily from allochthonous material and from a eutrophic midlatitude wetland, Old Woman Creek (OWC), in northern Ohio, USA, where the DOM is formed from both allochthonous and autochthonous precursors. DOM-mediated TMP photolysis occurred for all samples, but was significantly faster in the OWC isolates. The method used to isolate DOM also influenced TMP photoreactivity, whereby the C-18 and XAD isolated material were typically more reactive than ultrafiltered DOM. Analysis of the isolates by spectroscopy revealed that the materials isolated by chromatography were relatively enriched in aromatic constituents, while the TFUF fraction had the lowest aromaticity based on molar absorptivity at 280 nm. The fluorescence index values revealed differences between OKS and OWC, but no discernable trends were observed among isolates. This study shows that both the manner in which DOM is isolated and the composition of its precursors will influence its triplet state photoreactivity.

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“…The chemical reactions involved appear to be strongly dependent on the chemical composition of riverine DOM. Previous studies have shown that HMW and hydrophobic components likely derive from the leaching of soils that contain highly altered plant material and prokaryotic biomass (Kaiser et al 2003). Its origin helps to explain why this material behaves in a manner recalcitrant to bacterial utilization.…”

Section: Short-term Effect Of Dom Irradiation On Bacterial Dommentioning

confidence: 99%

Phototransformation of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the presence of abundant iron: Effect on DOM bioavailability

Kaiser

Sulzberger

2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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We conducted studies with high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW), hydrophobic, and hydrophilic dissolved organic matter (DOM) from an oligotrophic alpine river, the Tagliamento River (Italy), to assess the effect of light on DOM utilization by riverine bacterioplankton. Immediately after the exposure of the DOM fractions to simulated or natural sunlight, short-term (1 h) bacterial utilization of all DOM fractions decreased by up to 80%, compared with the uptake of the corresponding nonirradiated fractions. The addition of scavengers suggests that reactive oxygen species caused this bacterial growth inhibition. After the long-term growth of bacteria on irradiated DOM, uptake was unchanged for HMW DOM, considerably lower for LMW and hydrophilic DOM, and much higher for hydrophobic DOM, compared with the nonirradiated fractions. These results suggest that the phototransformation of HMW, LMW, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic DOM results in contrasting effects on their bioavailability. Size-exclusion chromatography showed that bacteria preferably used the larger molecular sizes of all nonirradiated fractions. Light induced no significant shifts in the apparent molecular weight distribution of the four DOM fractions. However, the highly bioavailable LMW DOM (especially the portion ϳ5 kDa) was no longer taken up after irradiation. We conclude that light overall leads to a strong decrease in microbial DOM transformation during hydrological transport in the Tagliamento River.

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Solid-State and Multidimensional Solution-State NMR of Solid Phase Extracted and Ultrafiltered Riverine Dissolved Organic Matter

Cited by 73 publications

References 31 publications

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

Evaluating the triplet state photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter isolated by chromatography and ultrafiltration using an alkylphenol probe molecule

Phototransformation of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the presence of abundant iron: Effect on DOM bioavailability

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