Solid-State Fermentation of Ammoniated Corn Straw to Animal Feed by Pleurotus ostreatus Pl-5

Abstract

The solid-state fermentation (SSF) of ammoniated corn straw (ACS) by Pleurotus ostreatus Pl-5 was investigated. The SSF experiments were carried out for 20 d using ACS and corn straw (CS) as the substrates of the experimental group (EP) and control group (CP), respectively. The effects of the ammoniation pretreatment on the CS lignocellulose structure, fungal growth, enzyme production, and components of CS during the SSF process were analyzed. The ammoniation pretreatment effectively degraded the lignin and hemicellulose contents in the CS, by 15.3% and 7.7%, respectively. Thus, the in vitro digestibility (IVD) of the EP was higher than for the CP, and even higher than the ligninase activities (laccase: 661 U/g; MnP: 56.8 U/g) found in the CP. The higher cellulase activities (CMCase: 152.3 U/g; FPA: 224.7 U/g) in the EP improved the cellulose degradation, which also promoted the P. ostreatus Pl-5 growth, and the high total N content significantly increased the EP fungal biomass and amino acid contents. A shorter processing time and a higher level of nutrients were achieved by the SSF of ACS, which showed its potential for use in animal feed production.

Kajian Pengaruh Proses Fermentasi Sekam Padi Amoniasi Menggunakan Aspergillus Niger Terhadap Serat Kasar, Protein Kasar, dan Total Digestible Nutrients

“…Meurut Tampoebolon (2009), dengan adanya peningkatan jumlah starter A.niger maka kemampuan mendegradasi serat akan semakin tinggi. Liu et al ( 2017) menambahkan bahwa penerapan metode fermentasi pada hijauan yang telah diamoniasi menimbulkan pengaruh yang sangat besar karena mikroba yang digunakan dalam proses fermentasi dapat mendegradasi hijauan dengan lebih baik. Toha et al (1998) menyebutkan bahwa fermentasi pada pod coklat menggunakan starter Aspergillus niger mampu menurunkan kadar serat kasar dari 35,83% menjadi 26,12%.…”

Solid Substrate Fermentation of Sago Waste and Its Evaluation as Feed Ingredient for Red Hybrid Tilapia

“…As for the sago waste, solid-state fermentation (SSF) was mostly studied for enzyme production, animal feed, and bioethanol (Vincent et al, 2015;Elaiyaraja et al, 2016;Santoso et al, 2017;Hung et al, 2018). However, not much research done on SSF of sago waste using mixed cultures of bacteria and fungi and have yet to be investigated for fish feed (Liu et al, 2017;Sumardiono et al, 2018). The advantage of SSF is that it exhibits great potential in producing important enzymes that capable to break down the fibers thus improve digestibility.…”

Improving crude protein and methionine production, selective lignin degradation and digestibility of wheat straw by Inonotus obliquus using response surface methodology

“…The protein‐bound amino acids were quantified using an automatic amino acid analyzer (L‐8900, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) 17 . The analysis was performed according to the manufacturer's standard protocols.…”

“…The reaction was initiated by adding H 2 O 2 and the change in absorbance was monitored at 240 nm. 17 LiP activity was measured by determining the oxidation rate of veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde at 30 °C, and 1 mmol veratraldehyde formed per minute was defined as the enzyme unit. The standard reaction mixture consisted of 4.34 mL of 0.2 mol L −1 sodium tartrate buffer (pH 3.0), 0.6 mL of 10 mmol L −1 veratryl alcohol, 60 μL of 2 mmol L −1 H 2 O 2 solution and 1 mL of appropriately diluted supernatant.…”

“…The protein-bound amino acids were quantified using an automatic amino acid analyzer (L-8900, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). 17 The analysis was performed according to the manufacturer's standard protocols. The dried and ground samples (0.200 g) were hydrolyzed for 24 h in an evacuated, sealed ampoule with 5 mL of 6 mol L −1 hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 110 °C and then adjusted to a constant volume of 50 mL with distilled water.…”