Solid-state fermentation of coconut kernel-cake as substrate for the production of lipases by the coconut kernel-associated fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae VBE-1

Abstract

Plant oil-extracted seed-cakes are good fermentation substrates for producing lipases that find application in transesterification of seed oils into biodiesel. This work describes the production of lipases by five lipolytic, oil-seed associated fungi (Aspergillus niger, Chalaropsis thielavioides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Phoma glomerata) by Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) on eight plant oil-seed cakes. The highest lipase activity was from the Coelomycete Lasiodiplodia theobromae VBE-1 grown on coconut kernel-cake, and was selected to optimize lipase production. The effects of supplementing coconut kernel-cake with mineral salts and coconut oil on lipase production by L. theobromae VBE-1 resulted in enhanced lipase activity. The effects of time of growth, moisture content, initial pH, temperature, as well as nutritional factors (carbon, nitrogen, vegetable oils, surfactants) when added to coconut kernel-cake, on lipase production were examined by a onefactor-at-a-time approach, and identified key variables for optimization by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A 2 6 factorial central-composite experimental design with eight starting points and six replicates at the central point was used for lipase optimization. After validating the predicted levels of the factors, lipase production rose to 698 U/g Dry Substrate (DS) over un-optimized conditions (450 U/g DS).

Coconut oil induced production of a surfactant-compatible lipase fromAspergillus tamariiunder submerged fermentation

“…Short chain fatty acids are metabolized faster without the need for carnitine transport system . Venkatesagowda et al reported that supplementation of coconut kernel‐cake with mineral salts and coconut oil enhanced the activity of lipase from the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae VBE‐1.…”

Optimization of lipase production by solid-state fermentation of olive pomace: from flask to laboratory-scale packed-bed bioreactor

“…The source of nitrogen and the C/N ratio are important parameters of SSF which should be optimized to maximize biomass and enzyme production [9], and thus minimize the cost of the process. Several works have demonstrated that the addition of nitrogen to agro-industrial wastes can improve enzyme production [10][11][12]. The evaluation of nitrogen sources (organic and inorganic) is important, because their use is subject to metabolic versatility, as well as economic implications [13].…”

Lipases: Sources of Acquisition, Ways of Production, and Recent Applications

“…Penha et al [121], in their experiment, concluded that pure palm pie was an incomplete substrate for lipase production by A. niger 11T53A14; however, ammonium sulfate solution, as a nitrogen source, was capable of positively influencing lipase production. Salwoom et al [141] analyzed the nutritional factors involved in lipase production by bacterial strains obtained from the soil of Signy Island.…”