Solid-state fermentation technology and innovation for the production of agricultural and animal feed bioproducts

Abstract

It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation (SSF) research developments have gained importance for the scientific community. After so many years, numerous processes and equipment for SSF were studied and designed focusing on the production of different commercially relevant bioproducts such as enzymes, fermented food, such as Chinese daqu and koji, organic acids, pigments, phenolic compounds, aromas, biosorbents and so many others. However, no review paper has been focused yet specifically on agricultural and animal feed bioproducts obtained through SSF techniques. This review comprises the description of agricultural sub-products that have been employed in most important developed processes concerning the production of animal feed products and agricultural products such as spores, probiotics, biofungicides, bioinsecticides and other biopesticides, biofertilizers and plant growth hormones. Major designed SSF bioreactors are also described and the most important related cases of successful employment of the technique are reported. Finally, a summary of patents and innovations regarding SSF products and processes in this area is presented, showing that the main involved countries are China, South Korea, India and the USA. It is clear that the interest in this theme is increasing and that scientific and technological developments are still needed.

Platforms to accelerate biomanufacturing of enzyme and probiotic animal feed supplements: discovery considerations and manufacturing implications

“…The production processes described above are all based on submerged fermentations. Probiotics and enzymes can also be produced using solid state fermentations where the cells are grown on a solid substrate (Vandenberghe et al 2020). Although less established than submerged fermentations, solid-state processes can have process advantages and be useful when the solid substrate (fibre such as sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, or wheat bran) is also beneficially modified (pretreated to be more digestible) for inclusion in the final livestock feed (Amini et al 2021).…”

Functional peptides in Asian protein rich fermented foods: production and health benefits

“…This has lead to the production of a number of functional foods as well as nutraceuticals to lead a healthy life. Among the functional foods, fermented foods with specific health promoting properties are gaining more popularity due to the bioactive molecules formed during food fermentation [5][6][7]. The protein rich fermented foods primarily consumed in Asian countries include fermented soybean, fermented fish and fermented milk products.…”

Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by Cryphonectria parasitica

“…A relevant part of the world enzyme market derives from microorganisms under submerged fermentations (SmF) [15] due to high amounts of enzyme recovered, lowcost production, and, finally, stability of the polypeptides at various extreme conditions. However, over the last twenty years, the interest in solid state fermentation (SSF) processes have markedly increased, appearing in a large number of patents and publications [16]. SSF is a promising technology enabling microorganisms to produce biomolecules by growing on solid substrates used both as a physical support and as a source of nutrients in an environment with the absence or near absence of free-flowing liquid [13,17].…”