Solid-state polymerization of diaminomaleonitrile: Toward a new generation of conjugated functional materials

Hortelano, Carlos; Ruíz-Bermejo, Marta; Fuente, José Luis de la

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123696

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“… General pathways for the generation of HCN-derived polymers in water. In this scheme is shown the oligomer formation as far as the tetramer DAMN, as well as proposed macromolecular structures from the dimer (red color), the trimer (AMN) (black color) and DAMN (green color) according to recent works [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 23 ]. Note that the incorporation of oxygen in some of the structures for the suggested macromolecular systems was due to hydrolytic processes (blue color).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Morphology in the Nanoscale of NH4CN Polymers Synthesized by Microwave Radiation: A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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A systematic study is presented to explore the NH4CN polymerization induced by microwave (MW) radiation, keeping in mind the recent growing interest in these polymers in material science. Thus, a first approach through two series, varying the reaction times and the temperatures between 130 and 205 °C, was conducted. As a relevant outcome, using particular reaction conditions, polymer conversions similar to those obtained by means of conventional thermal methods were achieved, with the advantage of a very significant reduction of the reaction times. The structural properties of the end products were evaluated using compositional data, spectroscopic measurements, simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result, based on the principal component analysis (PCA) from the main experimental results collected, practically only the crystallographic features and the morphologies in the nanoscale were affected by the MW-driven polymerization conditions with respect to those obtained by classical syntheses. Therefore, MW radiation allows us to tune the morphology, size and shape of the particles from the bidimensional C=N networks which are characteristic of the NH4CN polymers by an easy, fast, low-cost and green-solvent production. These new insights make these macromolecular systems attractive for exploration in current soft-matter science.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Morphology in the Nanoscale of NH4CN Polymers Synthesized by Microwave Radiation: A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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“…Rapid scanning cyclic voltammetry curves performed after prepolarization of the graphite + GrO electrode with changes in the electrolyte in the low‐potential range suggest that the fast electron exchange is disturbed by additional, relatively slow processes, diffusion processes, and double layers. [ 79 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid scanning cyclic voltammetry curves performed after prepolarization of the graphite þ GrO electrode with changes in the electrolyte in the low-potential range suggest that the fast electron exchange is disturbed by additional, relatively slow processes, diffusion processes, and double layers. [79] On the other hand, during N-doping, new nitrogen-carbon functional groups were formed on the surface of the working electrode, where nitrogen atoms could be protonated by the generated medium ionization of carbon material, called N-type graphitic atoms. [79] That is, the modification of graphene oxide with amines produces stabilized structures that can be maintained under conditions of vigorous hydrazine reduction.…”

Section: High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (Hrtem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[79] On the other hand, during N-doping, new nitrogen-carbon functional groups were formed on the surface of the working electrode, where nitrogen atoms could be protonated by the generated medium ionization of carbon material, called N-type graphitic atoms. [79] That is, the modification of graphene oxide with amines produces stabilized structures that can be maintained under conditions of vigorous hydrazine reduction. The resulting material has a well-ordered structure and uniform conductivity, in contrast to CBM prepared in the absence of structure-stabilizing amines.…”

Section: High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (Hrtem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Doping of Graphite Oxide with 2,3‐Diaminomaleonitrile: A Study of the Structural, Morphological, and Electrochemical Behavior

Chávez-Esquivel

Cervantes‐Cuevas

Gasca

et al. 2022

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…The solid-state polymerization of organic molecules to form two-dimensional materials remains a challenge, especially when these reactions are performed in one pot using a single reagent. Relevant mechanistic aspects, such as the dehydrocyanation and deamination processes during solid-state polymerization of diaminomaleonitrile to obtain a new generation of conjugated functional materials were reported by Hortelano et alThis information allows us to propose hypothetical pathways for the production of complex conjugated systems, predominantly constituted by a 2D macrostructure [ 166 ].…”

Section: Applications To Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update—Part 1: EGA-MS

et al. 2022

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Advances in on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) have been systematically reported by our group to update their applications in several different fields and to provide useful starting references. The importance of an accurate interpretation of the thermally-induced reaction mechanism which involves the formation of gaseous species is necessary to obtain the characterization of the evolved products. In this review, applications of Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) performed by on-line coupling heating devices to mass spectrometry (EGA-MS), are reported. Reported references clearly demonstrate that the characterization of the nature of volatile products released by a substance subjected to a controlled temperature program allows us to prove a supposed reaction or composition, either under isothermal or under heating conditions. Selected 2019, 2020, and 2021 references are collected and briefly described in this review.

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Solid-state polymerization of diaminomaleonitrile: Toward a new generation of conjugated functional materials

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Tuning the Morphology in the Nanoscale of NH4CN Polymers Synthesized by Microwave Radiation: A Comparative Study

Tuning the Morphology in the Nanoscale of NH4CN Polymers Synthesized by Microwave Radiation: A Comparative Study

Nitrogen Doping of Graphite Oxide with 2,3‐Diaminomaleonitrile: A Study of the Structural, Morphological, and Electrochemical Behavior

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update—Part 1: EGA-MS

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