Solidification and stabilization of hazardous wastes using geopolymers as sustainable binders

Singh, Rashmi; Budarayavalasa, Sarwani

doi:10.1007/s10163-021-01245-0

Cited by 32 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…As reported in [17,18], geopolymers can efficiently bind heavy metals in their matrix structure; the reaction mechanism could be physical or chemical bonding. Studies by Van Jaarsveld et al [19] suggested that Pb might be chemically bonded within the aluminosilicate matrix, but the exact form was unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Solidification of Pb2+ in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers

et al. 2021

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Fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste contains heavy metals, which is harmful to the environment. To reduce and prevent their contamination, heavy metal ions need to be sequestered. In this study, the geopolymer prepared by fly ash, a kind of power plant waste, is used to cure the heavy metal Pb2+, and to investigate the effect of different concentrations of Pb2+ on the compressive strength of the solidified body at different ages; the curing effect is judged by the toxic leaching concentration of heavy metals; the resistance of the solidified body to immersion is evaluated by comparing the change in strength before and after leaching; the fly ash-based geopolymer solidified body is compared with the cement solidified body in terms of curing effectiveness; the properties of the geopolymer and its mechanism of curing heavy metals are explored by microscopic tests. The results show that the fly ash-based geopolymer solidified body has good resistance to immersion; the optimum curing concentration of Pb2+ in fly ash-based geopolymers is 2.0%; compared to pure geopolymers, the strength of the solidified body at 28 d decreases by only 13.0%, and the leaching concentration of Pb2+ is 4.73 mg·L−1, which meets the specification requirements; the curing effect of the fly ash-based geopolymer is better than the cement solidified body; the microscopic test results indicate that the curing of Pb2+ by the fly ash-based geopolymer is a combination of both chemical bonding and physical fixation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Solidification of Pb2+ in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, geopolymer not only achieves efficiency compared to OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) in several applications, but it also provides extra benefits, including the rapid growth of compressive strength, high acidic resistance, exemplary composite compliance, immobilization of harmful and dangerous substances, as well as a significant decrease of the production of greenhouse 1 3 emissions [9][10][11]. Additionally, whenever alkali-activated geopolymers are employed as binder materials for the Solidification/Stabilization of hazardous waste, the polycondensation stages in the geopolymerisation reactions are said to promote the immobilization and trapping of hazardous species through diverse chemical and physical processes [12,13]. In addition to that, it's been discovered that geopolymer matrices containing alkali-activated precursor material and sodium silicate can provide significant compressive strength ranging from 2 to 60 MPa while completely immobilizing heavy metals like Cr, Cd, and Pb [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, whenever alkali-activated geopolymers are employed as binder materials for the Solidification/Stabilization of hazardous waste, the polycondensation stages in the geopolymerisation reactions are said to promote the immobilization and trapping of hazardous species through diverse chemical and physical processes [12,13]. In addition to that, it's been discovered that geopolymer matrices containing alkali-activated precursor material and sodium silicate can provide significant compressive strength ranging from 2 to 60 MPa while completely immobilizing heavy metals like Cr, Cd, and Pb [13]. Glukhovsky discovered an alkali-activated process throughout the late 1950s and 1960s that contains calcium silicate hydrate (C-.S-H) and aluminosilicate processes [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solidification of (Pb–Zn) mine tailings by fly ash-based geopolymer I: influence of alkali reagents ratio and curing condition on compressive strength

Bah

Feng

Kedjanyi

et al. 2021

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Fly ash-based geopolymer is a crucial application for tackling climate change, limiting the production of greenhouse emissions. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of the fundamental parameters on compressive strength to ensure a feasible and effective solidification of mine tailings. Three sodium hydroxide (NaOH) molarities (5, 8, and 10 M) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) were combined to form the alkaline solution. Four fly ash (FA) proportions (28%, 44%, 54, and 61%) of the dry mix and mine tailings (MT) were utilized as raw materials. This study demonstrated that both 25 °C and 65 °C have a considerable effect on the mechanical properties of geopolymers. The UCS value increased with an increase in NaOH molarity. In addition, the highest Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) value was achieved (36.04 MPa) at 10 M. Furthermore, the results also showed that UCS values kept decreasing with the increase of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 and Na 2 O/ SiO 2 ratios. The optimal UCS values found were in the range of 0.28-0.38 liquid/solid ratio. It has been concluded that the previously mentioned parameters have a strong influence on the mechanical strength of fly ash-based geopolymer with the new proposed FA proportion.

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“…Monitoring and maintenance may be necessary to ensure the long-term stability and effectiveness of the treated cuttings, adding to the ongoing management requirements. [46,56] Incineration…”

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confidence: 99%

Waste Management during the Production Drilling Stage in the Oil and Gas Sector: A Feasibility Study

Lebedev,

Cherepovitsyn

2024

Resources

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Drilling-waste management is of great importance in the oil and gas industry due to the substantial volume of multi-component waste generated during the production process. Improper waste handling can pose serious environmental risks, including soil and water contamination and the release of harmful chemicals. Failure to properly manage waste can result in large fines and legal consequences, as well as damage to corporate reputation. Proper drilling-waste management is essential to mitigate these risks and ensure the sustainable and responsible operation of oil and gas projects. It involves the use of advanced technologies and best practices to treat and utilize drilling waste in an environmentally safe and cost-effective manner. This article describes a feasibility study of four drilling-waste management options in the context of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia. For ten years of the project life, the NPV under the base scenario is equal to RUB −3374.3 million, under the first scenario is equal to RUB −1466.7 million, under the second scenario is equal to RUB −1666.8 million and under the third scenario is equal to RUB −792.4 million. When considering projects, regardless of oil production, the project under the third scenario pays off in 7.8 years and the NPV is RUB 7.04 million. The MCD and MCV parameters were calculated to be 106 km and 2290 tons, respectively. Furthermore, the study estimates the ecological damage prevented and the environmental effect of each option. Quantitative risk assessments, conducted through sensitivity analysis, reveal that the fourth option, involving the conversion of drilling waste into construction materials, emerges as the most economically feasible. The study also evaluates the interaction between business and government and analyzes the current situation in the sphere of drilling-waste management, concluding with concise recommendations for both companies and official bodies.

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Solidification and stabilization of hazardous wastes using geopolymers as sustainable binders

Cited by 32 publications

References 81 publications

Experimental Study on Solidification of Pb2+ in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers

Experimental Study on Solidification of Pb2+ in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers

Solidification of (Pb–Zn) mine tailings by fly ash-based geopolymer I: influence of alkali reagents ratio and curing condition on compressive strength

Waste Management during the Production Drilling Stage in the Oil and Gas Sector: A Feasibility Study

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