Solidification of Metals

Elorz, José Antonio Pero-Sanz; Hernández, María José Quintana; González, Luis Felipe Verdeja

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812607-3.00001-2

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Despite a rather deep elaboration of a theory of solid solubility and detailed description of phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of metals [ 25 , 26 ], scientists meet new challenges when studying these processes at the nanoscale and for nanostructures. That is why the accumulation of knowledge about the nanoscale structure of multimetallic nanosystems obtained by different experimental techniques will provide progress in the understanding of the factors governing the occurrence of the alloy nanophases of different metals in various synthesis conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Step Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Au, Ag, Pt Mono-, Bi- and Tri-Metallic Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Multimetallic plasmonic systems usually have distinct advantages over monometallic nanoparticles due to the peculiarity of the electronic structure appearing in advanced functionality systems, which is of great importance in a variety of applications including catalysis and sensing. Despite several reported techniques, the controllable synthesis of multimetallic plasmonic nanoparticles in soft conditions is still a challenge. Here, mono-, bi- and tri-metallic nanoparticles were successfully obtained as a result of a single step laser-induced deposition approach from monometallic commercially available precursors. The process of nanoparticles formation is starting with photodecomposition of the metal precursor resulting in nucleation and the following growth of the metal phase. The deposited nanoparticles were studied comprehensively with various experimental techniques such as SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. The size of monometallic nanoparticles is strongly dependent on the type of metal: 140–200 nm for Au, 40–60 nm for Ag, 2–3 nm for Pt. Bi- and trimetallic nanoparticles were core-shell structures representing monometallic crystallites surrounded by an alloy of respective metals. The formation of an alloy phase took place between monometallic nanocrystallites of different metals in course of their growth and agglomeration stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Step Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Au, Ag, Pt Mono-, Bi- and Tri-Metallic Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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“…Powders are manufactured from aqueous solutions by cementation or precipitation with hydrogen at high pressure, or also by atomization or by electrolytic method. Finally, three different copper qualities are defined [20]: Refined copper or electrically refined cathode (Electrolytic-tough Pitch Copper, ETP): 99.99% Cu with 0.03 AE 0.01% Cu 2 O, which can be easily worked and has high electrical conductivity (100% IACS) but poor weldability (80% of the world copper production is from this quality).…”

Section: Copper Foundrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Overview: From the Ore to the Applications – A Case Study of the Application of Concentrated Solar Energy to the Treatment of Copper Metallurgy Slags

Fernández-González,

Felipe Verdeja González

2023

Copper - From the Mineral to the Final Application

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Copper is a metal that is widely used in different applications mainly due to its thermal and electrical conductivities, together with its corrosion resistance, particularly when it is alloyed. This chapter intends to be a summary of the copper metallurgy: from the historical aspects and mineral deposits or statistics to the different technologies used to produce metallic copper together with the distinct applications (of copper and copper alloys). Environmental issues are deeply rooted in industrial policies to improve the recovery of the metal as well as to minimize the residues generated in the process, which are a problem from the environmental point of view but also from the economic standpoint. Therefore, this document concludes with a research work carried out with the aim of treating copper slags with concentrated solar energy to recover valuable elements from these slags, as iron and copper. Results from this investigation suggest that solar energy could have an enormous potential in the copper metallurgy.

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“…A higher cooling rate can increase the degree of undercooling ( ΔT ) during solidification. The relationship between the degree of undercooling ( ΔT ) and the critical nucleus radius r* can be expressed as [18] where γ LS is the surface free energy between solid and liquid, T m is the melting point and ΔH f is the melting latent heat. It can be deduced that the increased degree of ΔT will lower the r* and more crystal nucleus can stably exist in the melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved ductility of Mg–3Gd–0.6Zr alloy by cuboid-shaped phase: Experiments and first-principle calculations

Chen

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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A casting Mg–3Gd–0.6Zr alloy was designed to evaluate the effect of cuboid-shaped phase on its mechanical properties. The morphology of cuboid-shaped phase was correlated with the directional covalent bonding between Gd atoms and H atoms along <100 > directions. The cuboid-shaped phase can be eliminated by a designed annealing treatment, without grain coarsening simultaneously. The ductility of as-cast alloy is about 20% higher than that of the annealed one. The improvement of ductility was caused by cuboid-shaped phase in three aspects: first-principle calculations, hydrogen embrittlement and crystal imperfections.

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Solidification of Metals

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Single Step Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Au, Ag, Pt Mono-, Bi- and Tri-Metallic Nanoparticles

Single Step Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Au, Ag, Pt Mono-, Bi- and Tri-Metallic Nanoparticles

Copper Overview: From the Ore to the Applications – A Case Study of the Application of Concentrated Solar Energy to the Treatment of Copper Metallurgy Slags

Improved ductility of Mg–3Gd–0.6Zr alloy by cuboid-shaped phase: Experiments and first-principle calculations

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