Solitary chemosensory cells producing interleukin‐25 and group‐2 innate lymphoid cells are enriched in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Patel, Neil N.; Kohanski, Michael A.; Maina, Ivy W.; Triantafillou, Vasiliki; Workman, Alan D.; Tong, Charles; Kuan, Edward C.; Bosso, John V.; Adappa, Nithin D.; Palmer, James N.; Herbert, De’Broski R.; Cohen, Noam A.

doi:10.1002/alr.22142

Cited by 48 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…65 Recently, Kohanski et al demonstrated that SCCs are the primary epithelial source of IL-25 in the sinonasal epithelium. 19 Furthermore, similar to murine models, data support that humans have a similar feed-forward loop in which IL-25 from SCCs activate downstream IL-13, that then drives SCC expansion and further enhances IL-25 production 23 (Figure 1). …”

Section: Novel Cell Types Involved In Epithelial-mediated Type-2 Inflmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…22 In humans, high IL-25 was found to be correlated with higher ILC2s. 23 Moreover, IL-13 produced by activated ILC2s has been found to be acting in a feed-forward loop to further propagate IL-25 production. 19,23 …”

Section: Cellular Sources and Function Of Tslp Il-25 And Il-33mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…53 In another study, patients with high IL-25 levels were found to have nasal polyps which were more responsive to glucocorticoid therapy, 54 and this finding was corroborated in an in vitro nasal polyp explant model in which steroid exposure reduced IL-25 production. 23 …”

Section: Role Of Epithelial-derived Cytokines In Pathogenesis Of Airwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ILC2s have been found to be enriched in the polyps from CRSwNP patients compared to non-inflamed mucosa from CRSsNP patients and healthy controls. 23,58,75 However, do to the rarity of resident ILC2s in nasal polyps, isolation of cells has proven challenging and limits experimental study.…”

Section: Novel Cell Types Involved In Epithelial-mediated Type-2 Inflmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sentinels at the wall: epithelial‐derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Patel

Kohanski

Maina

et al. 2018

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Recent evidence has demonstrated an expanding role of respiratory epithelial cells in immune surveillance and modulation. Studies have been focusing on the earliest events that link epithelial injury to downstream inflammatory responses. Cytokines produced by and released from respiratory epithelial cells are among these early trigger signals. Epithelial-derived cytokines, namely thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25, and IL-33, have come to the forefront of recent investigations. Each of these 3 cytokines has been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, and atopy. Herein we review studies elucidating the roles of epithelial-derived cytokines in the pathobiology of upper airway disease, with particular emphasis on type 2 inflammatory conditions.

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Section: Novel Cell Types Involved In Epithelial-mediated Type-2 Inflmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Cellular Sources and Function Of Tslp Il-25 And Il-33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Epithelial-derived Cytokines In Pathogenesis Of Airwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novel Cell Types Involved In Epithelial-mediated Type-2 Inflmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sentinels at the wall: epithelial‐derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Patel

Kohanski

Maina

et al. 2018

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

Self Cite

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“…Longer‐term studies, and studies of other antibiotics are clearly warranted given what we now know with regard to the importance of the sinonasal microbiome to sinus health. In a further study of the T helper 2 (Th‐2) response in nasal polyposis, Patel et al . further evaluate the role of solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) in the production of interleukin‐25 (IL‐25) in nasal polyp tissue and provide further support for a proposed model in which IL‐25 produced by SCCs stimulates the group 2 innate lymphoid cells; this then results in the release of IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Additional options in chronic rhinosinusitis management

Kennedy¹

2018

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Association Between Bitter Taste Receptor Phenotype and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With COVID-19

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) have been implicated in sinonasal innate immunity, and genetic variation conferred by allelic variants in T2R genes is associated with variation in upper respiratory tract pathogen susceptibility, symptoms, and outcomes. Bitter taste receptor phenotype appears to be associated with the clinical course and symptom duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between T2R phenotype and patient clinical course after infection with SARS-CoV-2. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA prospective cohort study was performed from July 1 through September 30, 2020, at a tertiary outpatient clinical practice and inpatient hospital in the United States among 1935 participants (patients and health care workers) with occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2. EXPOSURE Exposure to SARS-CoV-2. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Participants underwent T2R38 phenotype taste testing to determine whether they were supertasters (those who experienced greater intensity of bitter tastes), tasters, or nontasters (those who experienced low intensity of bitter tastes or no bitter tastes) and underwent evaluation for lack of infection with SARS-CoV-2 via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and IgM and IgG testing. A group of participants was randomly selected for genotype analysis to correlate phenotype. Participants were followed up until confirmation of infection with SARS-CoV-2 via PCR testing. Phenotype of T2R38 was retested after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The results were compared with clinical course. RESULTS A total of 1935 individuals (1101 women [56.9%]; mean [SD] age, 45.5 [13.9] years) participated in the study. Results of phenotype taste testing showed that 508 (26.3%) were supertasters, 917 (47.4%) were tasters, and 510 (26.4%) were nontasters. A total of 266 participants (13.7%) had positive PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 55 (20.7%) required hospitalization.Symptom duration among patients with positive results ranged from 0 to 48 days. Nontasters were significantly more likely than tasters and supertasters to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (odds ratio, 10.1 [95% CI, 5.8-17.8]; P < .001), to be hospitalized once infected (odds ratio, 3.9 [1.5-10.2]; P = .006), and to be symptomatic for a longer duration (mean [SE] duration, 23.7 [0.5] days vs 13.5 [0.4] days vs 5.0 [0.6] days; P < .001). A total of 47 of 55 patients (85.5%) with COVID-19 who required inpatient admission were nontasters. Conversely, 15 of 266 patients (5.6%) with positive PCR test results were supertasters.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study suggests that T2R38 receptor allelic variants were associated with participants' innate immune response toward SARS-CoV-2. The T2R phenotype was associated with patients' clinical course after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nontasters were more likely (continued) Key Points Question What is the association between the bitter taste receptor phenotype and outcomes after infection with SARS-CoV-2? Findings In this cohort study of 1935 adults, 266 tested positive for...

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Solitary chemosensory cells producing interleukin‐25 and group‐2 innate lymphoid cells are enriched in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Abstract: These data support SCC and ILC2 expansion as well as increased IL-25 production in nasal polyps and may represent early events in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. IL-13 stimulates proliferation of SCC in a feed-forward loop, a process that is steroid-sensitive.

Cited by 48 publications

References 53 publications

Sentinels at the wall: epithelial‐derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Sentinels at the wall: epithelial‐derived cytokines serve as triggers of upper airway type 2 inflammation

Additional options in chronic rhinosinusitis management

Association Between Bitter Taste Receptor Phenotype and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With COVID-19

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