Solubility, liquid-liquid equilibrium and critical states for the quaternary system formic acid – ethanol – ethyl formate – water at 298.15 K and 308.15 K

Experimental Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium and Solubility Study of an Acetic Acid–n-Propyl Alcohol–n-Propyl Acetate–Water System at 323.15 and 333.15 K

“…The shape of the surface itself is quite common: this is an ellipsoid segment. Other similar quaternary systems that we previously studied have a similar form of the binodal surface: formic acid–ethyl alcohol–ethyl formate–water, acetic acid–ethyl alcohol–ethyl acetate–water, propionic acid–ethyl alcohol–ethyl propionate–water, and propionic acid– n -propyl alcohol– n -propyl propionate–water …”

Experimental Data on Chemical Equilibrium in the System with Ethyl Formate Synthesis Reaction at 298.15 K

“…The appearance of the chemical equilibrium surface coincides with the overall view of chemical equilibrium surfaces of other systems of carboxylic acid–monohydric alcohol–ester–water (e.g., presented in refs and ). The diagram in Figure also contains a binodal surfacethat was presented in our previous work at 298.15 K …”

“…Comparison of mutual position of the binodal and the surface of chemical equilibrium in the system formic acid–ethanol–ethyl formate–water at 298.15 K. Red color, surface of CE and compositions belonging to this surface (experimental results of this work); blue color, binodal surface, according to ref .…”

“…One of the aims of this study was, first of all, to estimate the change of VLE parameters in the run of the reaction. With regard to the studies of solubility and liquid–liquid equilibrium in formic acid–ethanol–ethyl formate–water quaternary system, detailed experimental data and binodal surfaces in the composition tetrahedron at 298.15 and 308.15 K were published in a recent paper …”

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of Alcohol (Ethanol or n-Propanol)–Ester (Ethyl or n-Propyl Propionate) Systems with a Deep Eutectic Solvent Based on Choline Chloride at 293.15 K

“…The phase equilibrium is commonly studied using two methods. Applying the isothermal titration together with the cloud point technique, 26 the solubility is investigated and the location of the binodal curve is determined, but in this case, it is not possible to estimate the compositions of the coexisting liquid phases. To determine LLE data (tie lines), various analytical techniques are applied.…”