The
present study attempted to measure the solubility of mesalamine
and azathioprine in the aqueous solution of some deep eutectic solvents
(DESs) at various DES weight fractions (0–1) over the temperature
range of 283.15–323.15 K. We prepared the DESs by combining
choline chloride (ChCl, hydrogen bond acceptor, HBA) and ethylene
glycol (EG) and 1,2-propanediol (PD) (hydrogen bond donors, HBDs)
with molar ratios of 1:2 and 1:3, respectively. The results indicate
that the solubility is significantly increased up to 30-fold for mesalamine
and 75-fold for azathioprine compared to water. Besides, the solubility
of both pharmaceuticals is enhanced by increasing the temperature
and weight fraction of DESs. Also, DES1 (ChCl + EG) shows higher solubility
for mesalamine than DES2 (ChCl + PD), which is the opposite for azathioprine.
The experimental solubility data were accurately correlated using
the local composition models such as Wilson, nonrandom two-liquid
theory (NRTL), and universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC). On the other
hand, we applied the nonrandom two-liquid-segment activity coefficient
(NRTL-SAC) and universal quasi-chemical segment activity coefficient
(UNIQUAC-SAC) models to correlate and predict the solubility of the
mesalamine and azathioprine in DES1 and DES2. In addition, the calculated
values of the thermodynamic functions of dissolution reveal that in
the dissolution process of both drugs, enthalpy is the primary contribution
term to the standard Gibbs free energy.