Solubility of Paraffin Wax in Oil

Sullivan, F. W.; McGill, W. J.; French, August

doi:10.1021/ie50213a030

Cited by 4 publications

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“…of solvent (ethyl acetate or nitrobenzene) was placed in a 5-ml. vial and enough of the hydrocarbon (weighed to 0.1 mg.) was added to cause slow crystallization to occur at a predetermined temperature, The solution was cooled to the predetermined crystallizing temperature, called the cloud point temperature (14). The concentration of the solution was delicately adjusted by adding a droplet of solvent or a small crystal of hydrocarbon so that the solution remained indefinitely clear when held in the_5-ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution waa cooled to the oredetermined oryBta1-pizing temperetux, called the cloud point temperature (14). The concentration of the solution waa delicstely sdjusted hy ndrliog a droplet of rolvent.…”

Section: Experiment*l Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A chlorinated rubber latex is produced, the chlorinated rubber of which contains virtually no oxygen and up to 61% of chlorine. By subjecting this chlorinated rubber latex or the dry isolated chlorinated rubber to an aftertreatment, products of a satisfactory solubility and CHLORINATED rubber is commonly produced by treating a dilute solution of rubber with chlorine (3,14)• However, there is a fundamentally different method of chlorination, by which natural rubber in latex is chlorinated. A serious drawback to the method is the evolution of hydrochloric acid during chlorination which causes the latex to coagulate.…”

Section: Production Of Acid Latexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal Types of Pure Hydrocarbons in the Paraffin Wax Range

Clarke¹

1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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The Atlantir Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa.This study of the crystal types of pure hrdrocarbons was undertaken to secure data for application to wax processing, and to determine why a paraffin wax niay form three different types of crystals-needles, plates, and malcrystalline masses.Twenty-three pure hydrocarbons comprising paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic compounds in the molecular weight range of paraffin wax were obtained from il.P.1. Project 42. These pure hydrocarbons were crystallized from the melt a t different rates and from solutions of ethyl acetate and nitrobenzene a t different rates and over a wide range of temperatures. Crystals of each pure hydrocarbon except n-hexacosane were prepared in each of three predominating types: plates, needles, and nialcrystalline masses. Needle crystals could be obtained from n-hexacosane only by the additinn of small amounts of HE crystallization of paraffin waxes as needles, plates, and T malcrystalline masses has been the subject of many studies.Various theories have been advanced to explain why a paraffin wax may form these three different types of crystals. This paper presents data which reconcile differences in the theories.This study of the crystal types of pure hydrocarbons was undertaken in order to secure accurate fundamental data for application to wax processing.Twenty-three pure hydrocarbons comprising paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic compounds in the paraffin wax molecular weight range were obtained from A.P.I. Project 42. These pure hydrocarbons were crystallized from the melt and from solution under widely different conditions.The study of these pure hydrocarbon crystals included: the size and external shape of the crystals, the factors which influence the type of crystal formed, the optical properties and crystal systems of the crystals, and the similarity of the pure hydrocarbon crystals to paraffin wax crystals.The shape and size of wax crystals have long been studied. The microscopist refers to the external shape of a crystal as its crystal habit. The two crystal habits which are most frequently observed for paraffin waxes are plates and needles. Plates are found in pressable wax distillates and in refined waxes (8).Needles are found in sweatable slack waxes.A wax distillate is the fraction of a crude petroleum which contains the paraffin wax. To separate the paraffin wax from the oil, the wax distillate may be chilled until the wax crystallizes and the resultant slurry may be filter pressed. If the wax forms a filter cake from which the oil drains easily the wax distillate is pressable. If the oil cannot be separated well from the wax crystals in the pressing operation, the wax distillate is unpressable.The slack wax is melted and charged into the sweat ovens where the wax is chilled to solidify it somewhat and then it is slowly heated. If oil and low melting waxes drain away from the slack wax during the sweating operation and leave a high yield of wax with low oil content, the slack wax is sweatable. If a wax of low oil contentThe wax le...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiment*l Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Acid Latexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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