Solubility of scheelite in hydrothermal chloride solutions

Foster, R. P.

doi:10.1016/0009-2541(77)90033-x

Cited by 60 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These data suggest that the monzogranite cupola was the thermal focus for this and subsequent stages of W-Mo mineralization, and our fluid inclusion data demonstrate that type 1 hydrothermal activity occurred from 559' to 280°C. Foster's (1977) experimental data suggest that scheelite solubility would decrease fivefold over this range, and we therefore infer that temperature gradients relative to the stock contributed to scheelite precipitation in type 1 veinlets.…”

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The available experimental data on tungsten speciation and scheelite solubility in hydrothermal fluids under geologically reasonable conditions are limited (Bryzgalin, 1976;Foster, 1977;Wesolowski et al, 1982Wesolowski et al, , 1984Manning and Henderson, 1984). Even fewer data are available on molybdenum speciation and molybdenite solubility (Smith et al, 1980;Candela and Holland, 1984).…”

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bryzgalin (1976) experimentally determined the solubility of tungstic acid (HzOW04) from 300' to 400°C in 0.5 to 2.0 MNaCl andKC1 aqueous solutions and found that solubility was proportional to both salinity and temperature. Foster (1977) determined the solubility of scheelite in 0.0 to 1.0 M KC1 aqueous solutions at pressures of 1 and 2 kb and at temperatures ranging from approximately 250" to 560°C. In 0.5 MKCl solutions buffered by the assemblage quartz + potassium feldspar + muscovite at 1 kb (i.e., under conditions analogous to those defined for type 2 veinlets), he determined that scheelite solubility increases from 59 ppm at 354OC to 277 ppm at 561°C.…”

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candela and Holland (1984) also conclude that molybdenum is probably tiansported as molybdate species and that fluoride and chloride complexes are unimportant. Foster (1977) and Foster et al (1978) suggest that the factors influencing tungsten deposition from a given hydrothermal fluid are temperature, pH, a c a + 2 , a F e + 2 . foe, and fie, of which ~F , + z , fo, , and fi, are strongly related due to their effect on the stabilitv of the ironsulfides and oxides, and hence, on the feirous iron concentration in the hydrothermal solution and on wolframite stability.…”

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stockwork tungsten (scheelite)-molybdenum mineralization, Lake George, southwestern New Brunswick

Seal¹,

Clark²,

Morrissy³

1987

Economic Geology

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Scheelite-molybdenite stockwork mineralization constitutes one component of the Lake George polymetallic (Sb-W-Mo-Au-base metal) deposit, a complex hydrothermal center of Late Silurian (ca. 412 m.y.) age in the Fredericton trough of the northern Appalachians. The stockwork, hosted by Silurian gra~wackes, in part calcareous, is spatially and temporally related to a postkinematic cupola of biotite monzogranite, and its formation overlapped in time with the emplacement of monzogranitic porphyry dikes. Mineralogical and textural evidence indicates that contact metamorphism associated with the cupola had ceased before the initiation of W-Mo mineralization and that it occurred, at pressures of less than 1.75 kb, in two stages: a peak stage (T > 600°C), evident only in rocks of pelitic composition; and a lower temperature reequilibration (T < 500°C), recorded in rocks of both pelitic and marly compositions.The W-Mo deposit comprises three different scheelite-and/or molybdenite-bearing veinlet types. Type 1 bodies, the earliest formed, are calc-silicate (granditic garnet, wollastonite, ~l i n o p~r o x e n e , and calcic amphibole) quartz veinlets, with ubiquitous Ca and H metasomatic alteration envelopes. Mineralogical and fluid inclusion relationships indicate that the fluids ranged in temperature from 550° to 22B°C and that temperature decreased away from the cupola. The succeeding type 2 veinlets comprise quartz and lesser amounts of perthitic alkali feldspar, muscovite, calcite, scheelite, molybdenite, and pyrite. Fluid inclusion evidence shows that mineralization dominantly occurred from 400' to 175OC, under a confining pressure of 1.3 kb. Higher grade scheelite and molybdenite deposition was focused in a lower temperature zone, to the north of the cupola, in which CO, effervescence occurred. Type 3 veinlets, the last to form, consist of prehnite, mol~bdenite, and quartz and represent a volumetrically minor mineralization type.In both type 1 and 2 systems, scheelite and molybdenite deposition appears to have been controlled by decreasing temperature and increasing pH. Temperature was a function of distance from the cupola for both veinlet types, but the controls on pH were specific to each. Thus, the pH of type 1 fluids was controlled by wall-rock interaction (H metasomatism), whereas that of type 2 fluids was controlled by CO, effervescence.The economic stibnite-quartz veins (Scratch et al., 1984) occupy fractures which transect, and therefore, postdate all stages of W-Mo mineralization.

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Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiochemical Controls On Scheelite and Molybdenite Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stockwork tungsten (scheelite)-molybdenum mineralization, Lake George, southwestern New Brunswick

Seal¹,

Clark²,

Morrissy³

1987

Economic Geology

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“…On y observe habituellement des teneurs jusqu'à 5000 PPM dans les zones minéralisées. De plus, le W est reconnu comme un associé universel de presque tous les dépôts aurifères (Foster, 1977). Ces teneurs soulignent une fois de plus la rareté des sulfures présents dans le système.…”

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Geochimie de l indice aurifere Erratix Chibougamau

Champagne¹

1989

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Fluid inclusions, stable isotopes (H–O–S), and age constraints on the genesis of the Basitielieke polymetallic tungsten deposit in the Altay, Xinjiang, NW China

Yang

Li²,

et al. 2021

Geological Journal

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The Chinese Altay in Northwest China and adjacent regions in the Russian and Mongolian Altay form a tungsten province within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Unlike the Russian and Mongolian Altay, almost no tungsten deposits in the Chinese Altay have been reported. The Basitielieke deposit located in the Altay orogenic belt in Xinjiang is a newly discovered polymetallic tungsten deposit hosted in the skarn in the exocontact zone of a granite pluton. Mineralization can be divided into the skarn period and supergene oxidization period, the skarn period can be further divided into a prograde skarn stage (I), a retrograde skarn stage (II), and a quartz–sulphide stage (III). Scheelite mineralization mainly occurred in stage II, and Cu–Zn–Au formed in stage III. The ore‐forming fluid can be divided into a H2O–NaCl systems, including stage I (211 to 480°C and 2.24 to 14.04 wt% NaCl equiv) and stage II (178 to 336°C and 4.96 to 9.47 wt% NaCl equiv), and a H2O–CO2 (±CH4/N2)–NaCl system in stage III (130 to 434°C and 1.40 to 9.60 wt% NaCl equiv). Hydrogen, oxygen, and sulphur isotope compositions indicate that magmatic water participated in the hydrothermal mineralization system in stage I, and meteoric water increased with the process of mineralization. Sulphur was derived from deep‐seated magmas. The Basitielieke deposit is a reduced skarn polymetallic tungsten deposit. The deposit formed by hydrothermal fluid from the granite interacting with strata during the Early Permian, the fluid–rock interaction and fluid mixing (magmatic water and meteoric water) was the main precipitation mechanism of the Basitielieke polymetallic tungsten deposit.

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Solubility of scheelite in hydrothermal chloride solutions

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Stockwork tungsten (scheelite)-molybdenum mineralization, Lake George, southwestern New Brunswick

Stockwork tungsten (scheelite)-molybdenum mineralization, Lake George, southwestern New Brunswick

Geochimie de l indice aurifere Erratix Chibougamau

Fluid inclusions, stable isotopes (H–O–S), and age constraints on the genesis of the Basitielieke polymetallic tungsten deposit in the Altay, Xinjiang, NW China

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