olid-liquid equilibrium data of organic nonelectrolyte systems are becoming increasingly important in the biochemical and pesticide S industry, both regarding optimisation of the production, control and minimization of environmental impact. Despite efforts by experimentalists and scientific organisations, both in terms of new experimental measurements and critically evaluated data compilations, there still exist numerous systems for which solubility data are not readily available. To address this problem, researchers have turned to group contribution methods and semi-empirical expressions to predict desired quantities. Even though the group contribution method of UNIFAC (Fredenslund et al., 1975; Fredenslund et al., 1977) earlier showed its potential for calculating solid-equilibria (Cmehling et al., 1978), no thorough work using UNIFAC to estimate solubilities for pesticides has been published yet. This is interesting, especially that both the UNIFAC (Hansen et al., 1991) and the Modified UNIFAC (Dortmund) (Weidlich et al., 1987;Cmehling et al., 1998) have been revised recently, and are now covering a wide range of functional groups.To increase the solubility database available for developing group contribution methods, we report diuron and monuron solubilities at 25°C in different organic solvents of varying polarity and hydrogen bonding capability. Diuron and monuron are substituted urea herbicides used to control a wide variety of annual and perennial broadleaf and grassy weeds. It is used to control weeds and mosses in non-crop areas and among many agricultural crops such as fruit, cotton, sugar cane and legumes. Trade names for products containing diuron or monuron include Crisuron, Diater, Karmex and Unidron. It is often used in combination with other pesticides such as bromacil and hexazione. The solubility of diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l, 1 -dimethyl urea) and monuron (3-(4-chlorophenyl)-l, 1 -dimethyl urea) in 49 and 43 different organic nonelectrolyte solvents, respectively, have been calculated. It was found that Modified UNIFAC described well the solubilities both in polar solvents like alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers and in nonpolar solvents like alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. UNIFAC and the mobile order theory supplement each other well in calculating the solubilities, which means that one can choose the right model depending on the solvent one is using.On a calcule la solubilite du diuron (3-(3.4-dichlorophkny1)-1, 1 -dirnethyluree) et
Thermodynamic BackqroundA possible and often-used description of solid-liquid equilibrium between a liquid solvent (1) and a solid solute (2) is given by the following relation between the activity coefficient of the solute, yz, the solubility of the solute, x2, the enthalpy of fusion, AH, the melting temperature of the solute, T, and the equilibrium temperature, T:
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