Solubility of toluene in aqueous salt solutions

Sada, Eizô; Kito, Shigeharu; Ito, Yoshitaka

doi:10.1021/je60067a030

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These two compounds are 172 relatively polar, a structural attribute that has previously been identified as causing a low salting 173 out effect. 4,5 In another study, nitrobenzaldehyde was found to salt into solutions of nitrate salts, 174 which suggests a possible effect of the nitro-group in the non-electrolyte. 21 The NH 4 NO 3 and 175 NH 4 Cl solutions are both acidic, which might alter the electron distribution of the nitro-group 176 and render the organic compounds containing nitro-groups more polar, causing it to salt in under 177 acidic conditions.…”

Section: Setschenow Coefficients In Different Salt Solutions 143mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al 5 measured the salting out of a large variety of organic compounds from NaCl and 50 (NH) 2 SO 4 solutions, respectively, and developed poly-parameter linear free energy relationships 51 (pp-LFERs) for the prediction of Setschenow constants of these two salts. While these data sets 52 allow for a systematic comparison of the effect of these two salts, data for other salts are sparse.…”

Section: Introduction 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measured K S in solutions of Na 2 SO 4 , NH 4 Cl, and NH 4 NO 3 for the same group of 38 89 compounds with diverse functional groups as studied for NaCl by Endo et al 4 and for (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 90 by Wang et al 5 (Table 1). Salt effects in binary salt mixtures of 1:1 mole of NaCl and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 91…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The shared headspace passive dosing (SHPD) method and the negligible depletion solid phase 93 micro extraction (SPME) method described in Endo et al 4 and Wang et al 5 were used to 94 measure the salt effect for different compounds (see detailed description of the experimental 95 methods in the supporting information). Table S1 in the supporting information indicates which 96 method was used for which compounds.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium Nitrate, and Salt Mixtures on Aqueous Phase Partitioning of Organic Compounds

Wang

Lei

Wania

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page.This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters. phase. This influence is especially significant in atmospheric aerosol, which usually contains 14 large amount of ions, including sodium, ammonium, chloride, sulfate and nitrate. However, 15 empirical data on this salt effect are very sparse. Here, the partitioning of numerous organic 16 compounds into solutions of Na 2 SO 4 , NH 4 Cl and NH 4 NO 3 was measured and compared with 17 existing data for NaCl and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . Salt mixtures were also tested in order to establish 18 whether the salt effect is additive. In general the salt effect showed a decreasing trend of Na 2 SO 4 19 > (NH) 2 SO 4 > NaCl > NH 4 Cl > NH 4 NO 3 for the studied organic compounds, implying the 20 following relative strength of the salt effect of individual anions: SO 4 2-> Cl -> NO 3 -and cations: 21 Na + > NH 4 + . The salt effect of different salts is moderately correlated. Predictive models for the 22 salt effect have been developed based on the experimental data. The experimental data indicate 23 that the salt effect of mixtures may not be entirely additive. However, the deviation from 24 additivity, if it exists, is small. Data of very high quality are required to establish whether the 25 effect of constituent ions or salts is additive or not. 26

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Section: Setschenow Coefficients In Different Salt Solutions 143mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium Nitrate, and Salt Mixtures on Aqueous Phase Partitioning of Organic Compounds

Wang

Lei

Wania

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…This effect of salt, called salting-out effect, has been extensively studied near the ambient condition. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] On the other hand, only a few studies on the ternary water-salt-hydrocarbon mixtures at high temperatures and pressures have been reported to our knowledge. It has been shown that addition of salt into water-hydrocarbon mixtures causes shift of the onephase critical curve to higher temperatures and higher pressures, 11,12 and decrease in the mutual miscibility of water and hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic study of water-NaCl-benzene mixtures at high temperatures and pressures

Ohya

Kitagawa

Jin

et al. 2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Near-infrared and ultraviolet spectra of water-NaCl-benzene mixtures have been measured in the 473-573 K and 100-400 bar range and 373-498 K and 50-300 bar range, respectively. Concentrations of water in the benzene-rich phase and benzene in the water-rich phase were estimated from integrated intensities of the absorption bands. It is found that addition of NaCl in the aqueous phase suppresses transfer of water into the benzene-rich phase, and the relative decrease in water solubility in benzene exhibits good correlation with an increase in density of the aqueous NaCl solution relative to that of neat water. The salting-out constant for the water-NaCl-benzene system, which is estimated from a relative decrease in benzene solubility in the aqueous phase by addition of sodium chloride, increases significantly with increasing temperature. It is suggested that the effect of sodium chloride on the water-benzene mutual solubilities can be explained by ion-induced electrostriction of the aqueous phase.

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Salt effect on solubility of nonelectrolyte gases and liquids

Ueyama

Hatanaka

1982

Chemical Engineering Science

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Solubility of toluene in aqueous salt solutions

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium Nitrate, and Salt Mixtures on Aqueous Phase Partitioning of Organic Compounds

Effect of Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium Nitrate, and Salt Mixtures on Aqueous Phase Partitioning of Organic Compounds

Spectroscopic study of water-NaCl-benzene mixtures at high temperatures and pressures

Salt effect on solubility of nonelectrolyte gases and liquids

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