Solubilization and Adsolubilization of Polar and Nonpolar Organic Solutes by Linker Molecules and Extended Surfactants

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This work examined the use of a single extended surfactant in the microemulsion-based detergency of vegetable oils. The results showed that good canola oil detergency ([80%) was achieved at 25°C using a single extended surfactant (C 14,15 -8PO-SO 4 Na) at concentrations as low as 125 ppm, i.e., significantly lower than the surfactant concentration range of 500-2,500 ppm reported in other microemulsion-based detergency work. It was found that the maximum detergency (95%) was achieved in the type II microemulsion region. These results demonstrate that the microemulsion-based extended surfactant formulation is a promising approach for vegetable oil detergency at low temperature.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Microemulsion‐Based Vegetable Oil Detergency Using an Extended Surfactant

Phan

Witthayapanyanon

Harwell

et al. 2010

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“…Once again, results show that as the equilibrium concentration of styrene increased, the adsolubilization per gram of silica increased for all surfactant systems indicated the increasing Fig. 2 The styrene admicellar partition coefficient (K adm ) as a function of the styrene aqueous mole fraction (X aq ) ratio to the mole fraction corresponding to styrene solubility (X aq, solubility = 4.86 9 10 -5 ) [27] in DTAB, PM and PG Fig. 4.…”

Section: Styrene Adsolubilizationmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Decreasing values of K adm with increasing X aq ratio suggests palisade layer adsolubilization; with increased loading the K adm decreases as adsolubilization sites fill and become saturated. This is the effect of admicelle swelling due to the addition of adsolubilizate providing more space for adsolubilization in the palisade region [4,6,22,[27][28][29]. Polymerized and nonpolymerized PG admicelles show virtually the same styrene adsolubilization illustrating that polymerization did not decrease the adsolubilization potential.…”

Section: Styrene Adsolubilizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These results demonstrate that increasing adsolubilization occurs with increasing aqueous solute concentrations as expected for a partitioning process. This process can be described by the partitioning coefficient K adm = X adm /X aq where X adm = the molar ratio of solute in the admicellar phase and X aq = the molar ratio of solute in the aqueous phase [6,18,27]. Further, at low styrene concentration, the adsolubilization capacity of styrene is observed to be higher in the polymerized system than without polymerization.…”

Section: Styrene Adsolubilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adsolubilization isotherms of phenylethanol by PG and DTAB C phenyl ethanol water solubility = 0.04 mM[27] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Styrene and Phenylethanol Adsolubilization of a Polymerizable Gemini Surfactant

Asnachinda

Khaodhiar

Sabatini

2009

Self Cite

A polymerizable gemini surfactant was used to adsolubilize styrene and phenylethanol, representing less and more polar organic solutes, respectively, in order to evaluate the impact of admicellar polymerization on the adsolubilization process. Adsolubilization was also evaluated using a polymerizable monomeric surfactant and conventional surfactant for comparison purposes. The main results were that: (1) polymerized and unpolymerized admicelles showed similar adsolubilization potentialvalidating the use of polymerized admicelles without sacrificing adsolubilization, and (2) gemini surfactants showed adsolubilization capacities equal to or higher than conventional surfactants.

Effects of the Polypropylene Oxide Number on the Surface Properties of a Type of Extended Surfactant

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2018

The surface properties of 5 extended surfactant C12–14P mE2S solutions in pure water and 0.1 M NaCl were investigated through surface tension and electrical conductivity measurements. The surface properties measured include the critical micelle concentration (CMC), critical surface tension (γcmc), maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum area occupied per surfactant molecule (Amin), and efficiency in surface tension reduction (pC20). The CMC values of the 5 surfactants decreased with increasing polypropylene oxide number (PON) and were higher than those obtained in 0.1 M NaCl. The Γmax values showed a downward trend whereas the Amin values exhibited an upward trend with increasing PON without NaCl. The Γmax values were higher and the Amin values were lower than those obtained without 0.1 M NaCl. The CMC values increased at elevated temperatures. The CMC values of C12–14P3E2S, C12–14P5E2S, and C12–14P8E2S were similar but were markedly lower than those of C12–14E2S at different temperatures. When PON was less than 12, the log CMC value decreased linearly with increasing PON in the absence of salt, and the relationship between pC20 and PON was linear. But in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl, the log CMC value decreased exponentially with increasing PON.