Solubilization rates of oils in surfactant solutions and their relationship to mass transport in emulsions

Pena, Alejandro Andres; Miller, Clarence A.

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2006.05.005

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…If the liquids contain surfactant, the dissolution can be regarded as micellar solubilization and at the end of the process most of the droplet phase will be stored in micelles. The process of micellar solubilization has been studied for aqueous phases and different combinations of organic droplets and surfactants [42] and convective flow patterns were found in some cases during solubilization [43,44]. The systematic observation of spontaneous droplet locomotion during solubilization is quite recent and so far only aqueous droplets in a mixture oil and nonionic surfactants [45] and organic droplets in an aqueous solution containing ionic surfactants [11,47] have been studied in detail.…”

Section: Experimental Realization and Properties Of Self-propelling Dromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-propelled droplets

Seemann

Fleury

Maaß

2016

Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.

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Abstract. Self-propelled droplets are a special kind of self-propelled matter that are easily fabricated by standard microfluidic tools and locomote for a certain time without external sources of energy. The typical driving mechanism is a Marangoni flow due to gradients in the interfacial energy on the droplet interface. In this article we review the hydrodynamic prerequisites for self-sustained locomotion and present two examples to realize those conditions for emulsion droplets, i.e. droplets stabilized by a surfactant layer in a surrounding immiscible liquid. One possibility to achieve self-propelled motion relies on chemical reactions affecting the surface active properties of the surfactant molecules. The other relies on micellar solubilization of the droplet phase into the surrounding liquid phase. Remarkable cruising ranges can be achieved in both cases and the relative insensitivity to their own 'exhausts' allows to additionally study collective phenomena.

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Section: Experimental Realization and Properties Of Self-propelling Dromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oils solubilize in aqueous surfactant solutions via two mechanisms [42,49]: the micellar pathway, where micelles collect oil molecules directly at the oil-water interface, and the molecular one, where the oil molecules are picked up a certain distance away from the interface, Fig. 9.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Locomotion Utilizing Phase Transformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-propelled droplets

Seemann

Fleury

Maaß

2016

Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.

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“…As a consequence, the droplet size distribution may change due to a combination of Ostwald or compositional ripening effects [43].…”

Section: Droplet Charge and Other Interfacial Properties: Surfactant mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending Emulsion Functionality: Post-Homogenization Modification of Droplet Properties

Bai

McClements

2016

Processes

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Abstract:Homogenizers are commonly used to produce oil-in-water emulsions that consist of emulsifier-coated oil droplets suspended within an aqueous phase. The functional attributes of emulsions are usually controlled by selecting appropriate ingredients (e.g., surfactants, co-surfactants, oils, solvents, and co-solvents) and processing conditions (e.g., homogenizer type and operating conditions). However, the functional attributes of emulsions can also be tailored after homogenization by manipulating their composition, structure, or physical state. The interfacial properties of lipid droplets can be altered using competitive adsorption or coating methods (such as electrostatic deposition). The physical state of oil droplets can be altered by selecting an oil phase that crystallizes after the emulsion has been formed. The composition of the disperse phase can be altered by mixing different kinds of oil droplets together to induce inter-droplet exchange of oil molecules. The local environment of oil droplets can be altered by embedding them within hydrogel beads. The aggregation state of oil droplets can be controlled by promoting flocculation. These post-homogenization methods can be used to alter functional attributes such as physical stability, rheology, optical properties, chemical degradation, retention/release properties, and/or gastrointestinal fate.

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“…Rates of entrance and exit of surfactants from micelles are usually close to the diffusion control [1]. In emulsions and microemulsions [18], the exchange rates of components between the droplets and the aqueous regions are also fast. For instance, the rate exchanges of medium chain length alcohols and surfactants in microemulsions range 10-100 ns [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%