Soluble and cell wall-bound phenolics and lignin in Ascocalyx abietina infected Norway spruces

Cvikrová, Milena; Malá, Jana; Hrubcová, Marie; Eder, J.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.10.011

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, both bark and sapwood sampled distal to the wound point contained more sugars than at the point of inoculation. This finding supports our assumption that a reorganization of sugars takes place close to the point of inoculation, for example, towards pathways leading to the accumulation of more phenolic compounds, lignin, and suberin [50,51]. This conclusion is also confirmed by previous histological observations that accumulation of phenolics occurs in situ, i.e., in parenchyma cells by depleting the starch reserves of these cells [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Defence response of Sitka spruce before and after inoculation with Heterobasidion annosum: 1H NMR fingerprinting of bark and sapwood metabolites

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolite fingerprinting of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) bark and sapwood was carried out by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance after wounding and artificial inoculation with the white rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto. The aim was to determine whether metabolites would differ in clones showing differing levels of susceptibility to H. annosum, in the fungal as compared with the control treatment (wounding, no fungus) and the reference (healthy sample collected at 0 days), at two different locations on the host, and at different sampling times (3 and 43 days after treatment). The results suggested that different metabolic processes occur in bark and sapwood after wounding and fungal inoculation, compared with healthy samples collected before treatment: In bark, greater peaks were elicited in the aromatic region whereas, in sapwood, lower amounts of all metabolites were observed in inoculated samples, compared with healthy samples. Multivariate statistical analysis carried out with analysis of variance-principal component analysis showed highly significant effects of reference, location, and time (PC1), and significant effects of clone and fungus. Differences between clones were apparent in sapwood but not in bark and were due to peaks in the aliphatic and carbohydrate regions. Over time, in bark, there was a decrease in carbohydrate peaks, followed by an increase in aliphatic and aromatic peaks. Sapwood, by contrast, showed a decrease in all peaks, followed by an increase in carbohydrate and aliphatic peaks. Changes in carbohydrate levels were observed within the lesion compared with the more distal location in both bark and sapwood.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Defence response of Sitka spruce before and after inoculation with Heterobasidion annosum: 1H NMR fingerprinting of bark and sapwood metabolites

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The induction of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and consequent increase in bark polyphenols in Norway spruce trees following wounding or fungal infection were documented histo-and immunochemically (Franceschi et al 1998). An increase in cell wall phenolics in the bark of Norway spruce branches infected by Ascocalyx abietina was also reported in our previous paper (Cvikrová et al 2006). Stilbenoids are an important group of phenolics, specifically linked with resistance to fungal attack.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

Changes in phenolic acids and stilbenes induced in embryogenic cell cultures of Norway spruce by two fractions of Sirococcus strobilinus mycelian

Malá¹,

Hrubcová²,

Máchová³

et al. 2011

J. For. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:We examined defence responses in embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) elicited by intracellular protein and cell wall fractions (PF and WF, respectively) prepared from mycelia of the fungus Sirococcus strobilinus Preuss focusing on changes in (soluble and cell wall-bound) phenolic and stilbene concentrations. Treatment with both preparations induced an increase in the total contents of phenolic acids in Norway spruce cells and variations in the levels of stilbene glycosides. More rapid and intense induction of defence response was observed in cells after WF application. The contents of soluble phenolic acids (especially benzoic acid derivatives) and cell wall-bound phenolic acids (especially ferulic acid) started to increase (relative to controls) within 4 h after the addition of the WF preparation and remained high in elicited cells for 8-12 h. A moderate increase in phenolic acids in cells exposed to the PF preparation was observed within 8 h after application. However, after 24 h of WF treatment a decline of total phenolics was observed, while in PF elicited Norway spruce cells the phenolic content continued to increase. Significantly decreased concentrations of stilbene glycosides, isorhapontin, astringin and piceid, were determined in PF and WF treated Norway spruce cell cultures. The total content of stilbene glycosides decreased within 8 h after WF application to 68% of the amount determined in the control and within 12 h to 73% of the control in PF-treated cells. These results demonstrate that both PF and WF prepared from the Sirococcus strobilinus mycelium elicit changes in the metabolism of phenylpropanoids, which are involved in the defence responses of plants to pathogens.

show abstract

“…In Norway spruces infected with the ascomycete Gremmeniella abietina, the causal agent of stem canker and shoot dieback, accumulations of lignin, soluble and cell-wallbound phenolics, and increased total peroxidase activity were observed in bark tissues collected at the infection site (Cvikrová et al 2006). Furthermore, pronounced accumulations of ester-and glycoside-bound benzoic acid derivatives were found in regions of infected branches that were not in contact with the pathogen, suggesting a systemic induction of phenylpropanoid metabolism (cf.…”

Section: Induced Phenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees to pathogens — past experiences and future prospects

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phenolic metabolites are frequently implicated in chemical defense mechanisms against pathogens in woody plants. However, tree breeding programmes for resistance to pathogens and practical tree-protection applications based on these compounds seem to be scarce. To identify gaps in our current knowledge of this subject, we explored some of the recent literature on the involvement of phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees (Pinus, Picea, Betula, Populus, and Salix spp.) to pathogens. Although it is evident that the phenolic metabolism of trees is often activated by pathogen attacks, few studies have convincingly established that this induction is due to a specific defense response that is capable of stopping the invading pathogen. The role of constitutive phenolics in the resistance of trees to pathogens has also remained unclear. In future studies, the importance of phenolics in oxidative stress, cell homeostasis and tolerance, and the spatial and temporal localization of phenolics in relation to invading pathogens should be more carefully acknowledged. Possibilities for future studies using advanced methods (e.g., metabolic profiling, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and use of modified tree genotypes) are discussed.Résumé : Les métabolites phénoliques sont souvent impliqués dans les mécanismes de défense chimiques contre les agents pathogènes chez les plantes ligneuses. Cependant, il semble y avoir peu de programmes d'amélioration des arbres pour la résistance aux agents pathogènes ou de mesures pratiques de protection des arbres qui sont basés sur ces composés. Dans le but d'identifier les lacunes dans nos connaissances actuelles sur ce sujet, nous avons exploré une partie de la littérature récente traitant du rôle des métabolites phénoliques dans la résistance des espèces forestières nordiques (Pinus, Picea, Betula, Populus et Salix spp.) aux agents pathogènes. Bien qu'il soit évident que le métabolisme des composés phénoliques chez les arbres est souvent déclenché par les attaques des agents pathogènes, il a rarement été établi de façon convaincante que cette induction est due à une réaction de défense spécifique capable d'enrayer l'invasion de l'agent pathogène. De plus, on n'est toujours pas certain du rôle que jouent les composés phénoliques constitutifs dans la résistance des arbres face aux agents pathogènes. Dans les études ultérieures, on devrait accorder plus d'attention à l'importance des composés phénoliques en lien avec le stress oxydatif, l'homéostasie et la tolérance des cellules ainsi qu'à la localisation spatiale et temporelle des composés phénoliques en relation avec l'invasion des agents pathogènes. La discussion porte sur la possibilité que les études futures utilisent des méthodes de pointes telles que le profilage métabolique, le microscope confocal à balayage laser et aient recours à des arbres dont le génotype a été modifié.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

show abstract

Soluble and cell wall-bound phenolics and lignin in Ascocalyx abietina infected Norway spruces

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Defence response of Sitka spruce before and after inoculation with Heterobasidion annosum: 1H NMR fingerprinting of bark and sapwood metabolites

Defence response of Sitka spruce before and after inoculation with Heterobasidion annosum: 1H NMR fingerprinting of bark and sapwood metabolites

Changes in phenolic acids and stilbenes induced in embryogenic cell cultures of Norway spruce by two fractions of Sirococcus strobilinus mycelian

Phenolic metabolites in the resistance of northern forest trees to pathogens — past experiences and future prospects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About