This study determined production performance, nutrient intake, digestibility, and carcass traits from ostrich chicks fed with barberry (
Berberis Vulgaris
) leaves (BVL) as a replacement for alfalfa hay (AH). For 150 days, 30 male ostrich (
Struthio camelus
) (9.10 ± 0.89 kg live weight, mean ± SD) were randomly grouped into five dietary BVL inclusion levels to replace AH: a control diet based on 100% AH (CTRL), and four groups with BVL as a substitute for AH at varying levels including 25% (BVL25), 50% (BVL50), 75% (BVL75), and 100% (BVL100). The average daily feed intakes (ADFI) were recorded and birds were weighed monthly. The nutrient intake and digestibility were measured for the following final 5 days of the trial. The ADFI was higher (
p
= 0.025) for BVL100 and BVL75 than for CTRL. Ostriches fed on BVL50 had the highest average daily gain (ADG,
p
= 0.025) and the lowest feed conversation ratio (FCR,
p
= 0.0001). Return per kg BW gain was also enhanced (
p
= 0.018) with BVL50 feeding. Dietary BVL levels did not affect the digestibility of OM (
p
= 0.257), CP (
p
= 0.260), EE (
p
= 0.610), CF (
p
= 0.427), and Ash (
p
= 0.461). Also, there were no changes in AME (
p
= 0.180) or AMEn (
p
= 0.670). The hot carcass weight (HCW,
p
= 0.331) and dressing BW (
p
= 0.237) were not affected. Overall, the results suggest that BVL can replace AH in ostrich diets without deleterious impact on performance, however, its partial substitution (for 50% AH of diet) has been associated with improved ADG, FCR, and reduced feeding costs.