Soluble CD163 is associated with body mass index and blood pressure in hypertensive obese Saudi patients

Abstract

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (11): 1221–1226 Abstract Background The hallmark of vascular inflammation is the recruitment of circulating leucocytes, primarily monocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes, into the vascular wall; however, the link between monocyte/macrophage activation and hypertension has not been established as yet. In this study, we determined how sCD163, a monocyte/macrophage soluble scavenger receptor and immunomodulator, relates to arterial blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive Saudi individuals. Materials and methods A total of 90 (30 non‐hypertensive obese, 30 hypertensive obese and 30 lean normotensive controls) adult Saudi subjects, aged 40–60 years, participated in this cross‐sectional study. Serum fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐C), LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C), leptin, adiponectin, resistin, insulin, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), PAI‐1, angiotensin II, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) and sCD163 were measured in all subjects studied. Results sCD163 concentrations were significantly increased in obese hypertensive patients compared to controls (P = 0·016). Positive correlations between sCD163 and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0·27, P = 0·01), systolic BP (r = 0·25, P = 0·01), diastolic BP (r = 0·33, P = 0·001), LDL‐C (r = 0·21, P = 0·04), TNF‐α (r = 0·23, P = 0·02) and hsCRP (r = 0·33, P = 0·008) were observed. Positive correlations between sCD163 and diastolic BP (r = 0·23, P = 0·04) and LDL‐C (r = 0·22, P = 0·03) remained significant after controlling for BMI. Conclusions Taken together, these data demonstrate that the monocyte/macrophage activation‐related sCD163 is positively associated with BMI and increased arterial BP with the elevation in diastolic BP being independent of the BMI.

Visceral obesity is associated with increased soluble CD163 concentration in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…However, there was no significant difference in sCD163 concentration between the overweight/obese men and the normal-weight men. This is surprising given results in previous studies (20, 21, 22) reporting greater sCD163 concentration in obese men compared with normal-weight men (22), as well as in obese men and women compared with normal-weight men and women, with no significant difference between sexes (20, 21). This difference may be explained by the inclusion of overweight/obese subjects (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ) rather than strictly obese (BMI >30 kg/m 2 ) subjects and the relatively low number of subjects in this study.…”

Macrophage activation, age and sex effects of immunometabolism in obese asthma

“…Macrophage activation, assessed by measuring sCD163, has been reported to be significantly associated with increased BMI [19,20] and related comorbidities, such as type-2 diabetes [21] and hypertension [20] in obese adults. sCD163 is the soluble form of CD163 (glycosylated membrane protein expressed exclusively by cells of monocytic lineage), which is cleaved following lipopolysaccharide-or free fatty acid-mediated activation of adipose tissue resident macrophages and released into systemic circulation [18].…”

Chronic stress and body composition disorders: implications for health and disease

“…The mechanisms underlying the development of obesity and its associated comorbidities include hypertrophy and hyperplasia of primarily visceral adipocytes, adipose tissue inflammation, impaired extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis, together with altered secretion of adipokines [11,57,58]. Chronically stressful conditions cause hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the adipocytes, alter the secretion of adipokines, and cause attraction and activation of stromal fat immune cells [59][60][61].…”