Soluble Dietary Fibre Improves Insulin Sensitivity By Increasing Muscle Glut‐4 Content In Stroke‐Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

1. The effects of soluble dietary fibre (psyllium) on peripheral insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle GLUT-4 protein expression were studied in 12 male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) fed a high-caloric diet from 5 to 9 weeks of age. 2. In the psyllium-supplemented group, fasting plasma glucose was significantly reduced and glucose levels following an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly lower than in the cellulose-supplemented group at 30 (P < 0.05) and 60 min (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in insulin secretion. 3. In the psyllium-supplemented group, skeletal muscle GLUT-4 content was significantly increased in the plasma membrane (P < 0.001), but not in the intracellular membrane. 4. No significant difference was found in phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase activity between cellulose and psyllium diet not only in the basal state but also when stimulated by insulin. 5. These results demonstrate that psyllium increases blood glucose disposal by increasing skeletal muscle plasma membrane GLUT-4 content without PI3-kinase activation.

Effects of konjac flour inclusion in gestation diets on the nutrient digestibility, lactation feed intake and reproductive performance of sows

“…During lactation, insulin resistance is negatively correlated with the feed intake of sows (Van der Peet-Schwering et al, 2004;Mosnier et al, 2010). Several studies have shown that soluble dietary fiber can improve insulin sensitivity in mice or rats (Song et al, 2000;Isken et al, 2010). The inclusion of KF in gestation diet increased the level of SF in present study (Table 1).…”

Effects of long-term soluble vs. insoluble dietary fiber intake on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice

“…Difficulties investigating signalling pathways in the liver are another problem in human studies. Several relatively short-term studies in animal models reported soluble fiber such as guar gum or psyllium being superior in improving insulin sensitivity, in comparison to insoluble cellulose [11,12]. In a study investigating male Wistar rats, short-term feeding with guar gum vs. cellulose or bran had favourable effects on body weight and carbohydrate tolerance.…”

Impact of cereal fibre on glucose-regulating factors

“…Interestingly, the diabetes death rate in England decreased by approximately 55% between 1941 and 1954-1957, when low-fibre white flour was replaced by the wartime high-fibre national flour [10]. Acute effects of dietary fibres have been studied extensively, the focus of interest being soluble, viscous fibres, which can delay gastric emptying [11] and the absorption of macronutrients from the gut [12], influencing lipid metabolism, postprandial glycaemic responses to carbohydrate-rich meals [13] and insulin sensitivity in rat muscles [14]. However, in population studies soluble fibres are not associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease [3,4,7,15].…”