Soluble Fibers and Resistant Starch Ameliorate Disease Activity in Interleukin-10–Deficient Mice with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Our goal in this study was to determine the potential for dietary fibers to prevent gut inflammation in IL-10-deficient (IL-10(-/-)) mice. C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice (n = 90) and IL-10(-/-) mice (n = 185) were assigned to a control diet or diets supplemented with PROMITOR soluble corn fiber (SCF), STA-LITE III polydextrose (PDX), Biogum (BG), Pullulan (PI-20), PROMITOR resistant starch-75 (RS-75), SCF&BG, RS-75&BG, and inulin (4 g fiber/100 g diet). On d 47, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon were macroscopically and histologically evaluated. The spleen and Peyer's patches (PP) were collected for isolating mononuclear cells and measuring the percentages of regulatory T cells (Treg) and cytokines produced by CD4(+) T cells (i.e. IFNγ and IL-10). Dietary supplementation with RS-75, SCF, RS-75&BG, and inulin ameliorated disease activity on d 47. Dietary RS-75 and inulin supplementation decreased ileal and colonic inflammatory lesions. RS-75, SCF, and inulin decreased IFNγ production by effector CD4(+) T cells from PP and RS-75 increased the IL-10-expressing cells in spleen of WT mice. Dietary SCF, PDX, BG, PI-20, and RS-75 upregulated colonic PPARγ expression in WT mice and SCF upregulated Supressor of cytokine signaling 3 in IL-10(-/-) mice. These data suggest that soluble fibers and resistant starch influence Treg cells, IFNγ, and colonic PPARγ expression to suppress gut inflammation.

Soluble Dextrin Fibers Alter the Intestinal Microbiota and Reduce Proinflammatory Cytokine Secretion in Male IL-10–Deficient Mice

“…Findings in this study differed somewhat from a previous study examining the effects of prebiotics in an IL-10 2/2 mouse model (45), in that resistant starch was effective in reducing histologic injury and modulating immunity, but we did not see any effect from the type of resistant starch in our study. It is possible that the beginning composition of the gut microbiota differed in the mice studied because of genetic differences and environmental influences.…”

Induction of regulatory T cells: A role for probiotics and prebiotics to suppress autoimmunity

“…Moreover, the prebiotics such as FOS, GOS, inulin and resistant starch have been shown to affect specific probiotic strains that drive the induction of Tregs by different mechanisms (Table 2) [86][87][88][89]. These reports suggest that prebiotics and their metabolites strongly drive the immune cells and their mediators towards homeostasis.…”

Polydextrose in Lipid Metabolism

“…Polydextrose has been shown to increase expression of PPAR in the colon of mice [142]. This has been attributed to be mediated at least by butyrate, which can not only up regulate gene expression of PPAR , but also activate it [143].…”