Soluble Polythiophenes with Pendant Fullerene Groups as Double Cable Materials for Photodiodes

Zhang, Fengling; Svensson, Mattias; Andersson, Mats R.; Maggini, Michele; Bucella, Stefania; Menna, Enzo; Inganäs, Olle

doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200112)13:24<1871::aid-adma1871>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 170 publications

(109 citation statements)

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“…37 Better control of the nano-phase separation in films, though with less efficient CS, was observed in a polythiophene-based diblock copolymer where one block comprises the fullerenes, compared to the corresponding polymer with a random sequence of the electron donor and acceptor. 38 There are several other examples of supramolecular assembly in block copolymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

et al. 2011

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We present the femtosecond spectroscopic investigation of a covalently linked dyad, PCB-P3HT, formed by a segment of the conjugated polymer P3HT (regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) that is end-capped with the fullerene derivative PCB ([6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid ester), adapted from PCBM. The fluorescence of the P3HT segment in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution is reduced by 64% in the dyad compared to a control compound without attached fullerene (P3HT-OH). Fluorescence upconversion measurements reveal that the partial fluorescence quenching of PCB-P3HT in THF is multiphasic and occurs on an average time scale of 100 ps, in parallel to excited-state relaxation processes. Judging from ultrafast transient absorption experiments, the origin of the quenching is excitation energy transfer from the P3HT donor to the PCB acceptor. Due to the much higher solubility of P3HT compared to PCB in THF, the PCB-P3HT dyad molecules self-assemble into micelles. When pure C 60 is added to the solution, it is incorporated into the fullerene-rich center of the micelles. This dramatically increases the solubility of C 60 , but does not lead to significant additional quenching of the P3HT fluorescence by the C 60 contained in the micelles. In PCB-P3HT thin films drop-cast from THF, the micelle structure is conserved. In contrast to solution, quantitative and ultrafast (<150 fs) charge separation occurs in the solid-state films and leads to the formation of long-lived mobile charge carriers with characteristic transient absorption signatures similar to those that have been observed in P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction blends. While π-stacking interactions between neighboring P3HT chains are weak in the micelles, they are strong in thin films drop-cast from ortho-dichlorobenzene (DCB). Here, PCB-P3HT self-assembles into a network of long fibers, clearly seen in AFM images.Ultrafast charge separation occurs also for the fibrous morphology, but the transient absorption experiments show fast loss of part of the charge carriers due to intensity-induced 2 recombination/annihilation processes and monomolecular interfacial trap-mediated or geminate recombination. The yield of the long-lived charge carriers in the highly organized fibers is however comparable to that obtained with annealed P3HT:PCBM blends. PCB-P3HT can therefore be considered as an active material in organic photovoltaic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

et al. 2011

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“…These parameters are largely dependent on the deposition method of the PT layer [6,11] as well as on the PT regioregularity [7] and the annealing process. [3,4,12] Therefore, the hole mobility on PT chains within spin-coated films of PT/fullerene blends is difficult to predict, while the effect of additional treatments on the charge carrier dynamics, such as annealing or a chloroform-vapor treatment, [13] is even more unclear. To our knowledge, no detailed studies on the lifetime of photoinduced charge carriers in PT/fullerene blends have been reported so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Morphology and Charge Carrier Dynamics in a Polythiophene-Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction

et al. 2005

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The influence of various thermal treatment steps on the morphology and the photoconductive properties of a non‐contacted, 50 nm thick blend (50:50 wt.‐%) of [6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly(3‐hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) spin‐coated from chloroform has been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the electrodeless time‐resolved microwave conductivity technique. After annealing the film for 5 min at 80 °C, TEM images show the formation of crystalline fibrils of P3HT due to a more ordered packing of the polymer chains. The thermal treatment results in a large increase of the photoconductivity, due to an enhancement of the hole mobility in these crystalline P3HT domains from 0.0056 cm2 V–1 s –1 for the non‐annealed sample to 0.044 cm2 V–1 s –1 for the sample annealed at 80 °C. In contrast, the temporal shape of the photoconductivity, with typical decay half‐times, τ1/2, of 1 μs for the lowest excitation intensities, is unaffected by the temperature treatment. Further annealing of the sample at 130 °C results in the formation of three different substructures within the heterojunction: a PCBM:P3HT blend with PCBM‐rich clusters, a region depleted of PCBM, and large PCBM single crystals. Only a minor increase in the amplitude, but a tenfold rise of the decay time of the photoconductivity, is observed. This is explained by the formation of PCBM‐rich clusters and large PCBM single crystals, resulting in an increased diffusional escape probability for mobile charge carriers and hence reduced recombination.

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“…그 중 유기 광 기전력 전지는 상온에서 제조가 가능하고 제조 공정이 비교 적 간단하며, 원료가 저렴하다는 장점과 박막 형성 방법이 용이하고 대면적화가 가능하다는 장점이 있다 [5][6][7]. 또한 유 연하기 때문에, 차세대 광기전력 전지뿐만 아니라 여러 응용 분야에 활용하기 위해 연구 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다 [8], [9]. 하지만 실리콘을 기반으로 하는 무기 광기전력 전지 에 비해 상대적으로 에너지 변환 효율이 낮아 지속적인 연 구가 필요한 실정이다 [1].…”

Section: 서 론 화석 연료의 대안인 태양전지는 다른 발전 방식과 달리unclassified

Effects of Oxygen Plasma Treatment on the Electrical Properties of Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Oh¹,

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2011

The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineer

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-An indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is normally used as a substrate in organic photovoltaic cells. We examined the effects of an oxygen (O2) plasma treatment on the electrical properties of an organic photovoltaic cell. Experiments with four-point probe method and atomic force microscope revealed the lowest surface resistance of 17.64 Ω/sq and the lowest average surface roughness of 1.39 nm at the plasma treatment power of 250 W. A device structure of ITO/CuPc/ C60/BCP/Cs2CO3/Al was fabricated by thermal evaporation with and without the plasma treated ITO substrate. It was found that the power conversion efficiency of the cell with the plasma treated ITO is 65 % higher than the one without the plasma treated ITO.

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Soluble Polythiophenes with Pendant Fullerene Groups as Double Cable Materials for Photodiodes

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Morphology and Charge Carrier Dynamics in a Polythiophene-Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction

Effects of Oxygen Plasma Treatment on the Electrical Properties of Organic Photovoltaic Cells

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