Solute content and energy status of roots of barley plants cultivated at different pH on nitrate‐ or ammonium‐nitrogen

Lang, Barbara H.; Kaiser, Werner M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb02991.x

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Importantly, the model reveals that a hyperaccumulation of NH 4 + in the vacuole would ultimately exist (Fig. 5), due to vacuolar acid trapping, and could explain the frequently observed suppressions in cationic nutrients, notably K + (but also Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ; Barker et al, 1967;Van Beusichem et al, 1988;Lang and Kaiser, 1994;Kronzucker et al, 2003), which may ultimately be the major cause of NH 3 /NH 4 + toxicity in higher plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Ammonia Gas Transport Accounts for Futile Transmembrane Cycling under NH3/NH4 + Toxicity in Plant Roots

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Ammonia Gas Transport Accounts for Futile Transmembrane Cycling under NH3/NH4 + Toxicity in Plant Roots

et al. 2013

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“…By contrast potassium content was strongly diminished in another experiment in Ricinus of van Beusichem et al (1988) after ammonium supply. Little impact on potassium was found also in barley (Lang & Kaiser, 1994) and sorghum, but a large decrease was reported in beet (Arnozis & Findenegg, 1986).…”

Section: Induction Of Ammonium Syndrome By Foliar Applicationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Van Beusichem, Kirkby & Baas (1988) calculated an excess of cation over anion uptake in ammonium-fed Ricinus and the opposite effect under nitrate supply. Indeed, when ammonium was taken up, lower concentrations of cations but higher concentrations of anions were found in tissues (Allen & Smith, 1986 ;Arnozis & Findenegg, 1986 ;van Beusichem et al, 1988 ;Pearson & Stewart, 1993 ;Lang & Kaiser, 1994).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis. II. The flows of cations, chloride and abscisic acid

1998

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Following a precultivation with pedospheric nitrogen nutrition, Ricinus plants were supplied with nitrogen solely by spraying nitrate or ammonium solution onto the leaves during the experimental period. The chemical composition of tissues, xylem and phloem exudates was determined and on the basis of the previously determined nitrogen flows (Peuke et al., New Phytologist (1998), 138, 657–687) the flows of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride and ABA were modelled. These data, which permit quantification of net‐uptake, transport in xylem and phloem, and utilization in shoot and root, were compared with results obtained in plants with pedospherically‐supplied nitrate or ammonium and data in the literature. Although the overall effects on the chemical composition of supplying ammonium to the leaves were not as pronounced as in pedospherically supplied plants, there were some typical responses of plants fed with ammonium (ammonium syndrome). In particular, in ammonium‐sprayed plants uptake and transport of magnesium decreased and chloride uptake was increased compared with nitrate‐sprayed plants. Furthermore, acropetal ABA transport in the xylem in ammonium‐sprayed Ricinus was threefold higher than in nitrate‐sprayed plants. Additionally, concentrations of anions were more or less increased in tissues, particularly in the roots, and transport fluids. The overall signal from ammonium‐sprayed leaves without a direct effect of ammonium ions on uptake and transport systems in the root is discussed.

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“…al. 1991;Cramer and Lewis 1993;Lang and Kaiser 1994;Martins-Loucao et al 2000), reports concerning its role in carbon and nitrogen partitioning in the rhizosphere are scanty. Higher root respiration due to ammonium rather than nitrate nutrition was partly attributed to increased root exudation and hence stimulation of bacterial growth (Trolldenier and von Rheinbaban 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sugar exudation by roots of kallar grass [ Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth] is strongly affected by the nitrogen source

Mahmood¹,

Woitke²,

Gimmler³

et al. 2002

Planta

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Exudation of sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and that of cations and anions from intact roots of kallar grass [Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth] grown hydroponically with ammonium or nitrate (3 mM) as N source was investigated. In different experiments, plants grown on ammonium had slightly higher sugar contents than nitrate-grown plants, but their total sugar exudation during a 2-h period was up to 79-fold higher than under nitrate nutrition. Relative root exudation of inorganic anions and cations and that of amino acids (as a percentage of the internal contents exuded per time) was either similar or slightly higher from ammonium-grown than from nitrate-grown plants. Analysis of root architectural parameters revealed that ammonium-grown plants had a higher number of root tips/side roots per gram root fresh weight than nitrate-grown plants, whereas other root parameters, viz. length, diameter, volume and surface area were similar under the two N sources. A majority of the fine roots having diameter up to 0.4 mm represented up to 86% of the total root length, 64% of the total root surface area, and 35% of the total root volume; the root length and surface area per root system of that major root population were similar in ammonium- and nitrate-grown plants. Apparently, root architecture was not responsible for the different exudation rates. Within 12-24 h after shifting ammonium-grown plants to nitrate nutrition, root sugar levels and visible root architecture remained unchanged, yet the sugar exudation rate was reduced 30-fold. Short-term uptake of [14C]glucose (10 microM) from the rooting medium was similar for ammonium- and nitrate-grown plants. Thus, the very different sugar exudation rates were neither related to internal root sugar concentration, nor to the different root architecture, nor to differential resorption of sugars by ammonium- versus nitrate-grown plants. Increased external Ca2+ did not alter sugar exudation, and decreased external pH (4.5) only slightly increased sugar exudation from roots of nitrate-grown plants kept at pH 6.5. It is suggested that the much higher sugar exudation in response to ammonium may facilitate the ecologically and economically important association of diazotrophs with kallar grass roots.

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Solute content and energy status of roots of barley plants cultivated at different pH on nitrate‐ or ammonium‐nitrogen

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Rapid Ammonia Gas Transport Accounts for Futile Transmembrane Cycling under NH3/NH4 + Toxicity in Plant Roots

Rapid Ammonia Gas Transport Accounts for Futile Transmembrane Cycling under NH3/NH4 + Toxicity in Plant Roots

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis. II. The flows of cations, chloride and abscisic acid

Sugar exudation by roots of kallar grass [ Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth] is strongly affected by the nitrogen source

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