Solution-cast Nafion® ionomer membranes: preparation and characterization

Investigations of conductivity in FEP-based radiation-grafted alkaline anion-exchange membranes

“…The method for measuring the conductivities followed the impedance spectroscopy approach recently reported by Pozio et al [28,29]. Impedance spectra were recorded with a Solartron 1260 frequency response analyser / 1287 electrochemical interface combination controlled by ZPlot v.1 software (Scribner Associates) with data analysis of the Nyquist plots (Z im vs Z real from the vector (in the complex plane), Z( ) = R + j , where the resistance R = Z real , the reactance = Z im , = 2 f (f is the frequency of the applied a.c. voltage), and j = 1 ) was conducted using Zview v.2 software (Scribner Associates).…”

Inherent Acidity of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer Dispersions and Implications for Ink Aggregation

“…5 The water-alcohol-PFSA mixture is particularly relevant because it is the typical solvent of commercial dispersions and CL inks. It has been demonstrated that these different solution-phase morphologies directly impact cast film properties; [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] ionomers maintain a memory of these structures. 15 These solvent effects must also change the interactions driving ionomer-particle aggregation/stability in an ink, because different water:alcohol ratio inks each exhibit different aggregate sizes, 7,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and once dried, different CL morphology, water uptake, conductivity, etc.…”

The Effects of Casting and Blending on Properties of Ionomer and the Electromechanical Responses of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Actuators

“…During the casting procedure, we only control additive as a variable. Other parameters, such as the precursors, mixed ratio and heat treatment, were employed from the literature [41], as illustrated in Table 1.…”