Solution‐Processed Metal Coating to Nonwoven Fabrics for Wearable Rechargeable Batteries

Lee, Kyulin; Choi, Jeong‐Yoon; Lee, Hye Moon; Kim, Ki Jae; Choi, Jang Wook

doi:10.1002/smll.201703028

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For wearable e-textile applications, LIBs must be flexible and stretchable for comfortable wearing and must also maintain stable battery performance under deformation. Research on e-textile LIBs has focused on the development of e-textile LIB electrodes, typically by depositing a slurry of electroactive materials onto a conductive fabric, which acts as a current collector. ,− The stretchability of these electrodes is limited by the intrinsically brittle nature of the electroactive material, which is vulnerable to cracking or delamination with mechanical deformation. To solve this mechanical mismatch, we used the textile-centric design approach to protect brittle electroactive materials from strain .…”

Section: Textile-centric Design Of E-textile Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable E-Textiles Using a Textile-Centric Design Approach

Mechael

Carmichael

2021

Acc. Chem. Res.

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Conspectus Electronics worn on the body have the potential to improve human health and the quality of life by monitoring vital signs and movements, displaying information, providing self-illumination for safety, and even providing new routes for personal expression through fashion. Textiles are a part of daily life in clothing, making them an ideal platform for wearable electronics. The acceptance of wearable e-textiles hinges on maintaining the properties of textiles that make them compatible with the human body. Beneficial properties such as softness, stretchability, drapability, and breathability come from the 3D fibrous structures of knitted and woven textiles. However, these structures also present considerable challenges for the fabrication of wearable e-textiles. Fabrication methods used for modern electronic devices are designed for 2D planar substrates and are mostly unsuitable for the complex 3D structures of textiles. There is thus an urgent need to develop fabrication methods specifically for e-textiles to advance wearable electronics. Solution-based fabrication methods are a promising approach to fabricating wearable e-textiles, especially considering that textiles have been successfully modified using pigmented dyes in dyebaths and printing inks for thousands of years. In this Account, we discuss our research on the solution-based electroless metallization of textiles to fabricate conductive e-textiles that are building blocks for e-textile devices. Electroless metallization solutions fully permeate textile structures to deposit metallic coatings on the surfaces of individual textile fibers, maintaining the inherent textile structures and wearability. The resulting e-textiles are highly conductive, soft, and stretchable. We furthermore discuss ways to turn the challenges related to textile structures into new opportunities by strategically using the structural features of textiles for e-textile device design. We demonstrate this textile-centric approach to designing e-textile devices using two examples. We discuss how the structure of an ultrasheer knitted textile forms a useful framework for new e-textile transparent conductive electrodes and describe the implementation of these electrodes to form highly stretchable light-emitting e-textiles. We also show how the structural features of velour fabrics form the basis for an innovative “island-bridge” strain-engineering structure that enables the integration of brittle electroactive materials and protects them from strain-induced damage, leading to the fabrication of stretchable textile-based lithium-ion battery electrodes. With the vast variety of textile structures available, we highlight the opportunities associated with this textile-centric design approach to advance textile-based wearable electronics. Such advances depend on a deep understanding of the relationship between the textile structure and the device requirements, which may potentially lead to the development of new textile structures customized to support specific devices. We conclude w...

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Section: Textile-centric Design Of E-textile Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable E-Textiles Using a Textile-Centric Design Approach

Mechael

Carmichael

2021

Acc. Chem. Res.

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“…One is to design a highly flexible and foldable current collector with high conductivity and good mechanical endurance, and the other is to ensure a good interfacial contact between the active material and current collector under bending and even extreme folding conditions. Carbon nanotube, carbon fiber, metal nanowire, and graphene are usually investigated to prepare flexible and foldable current collectors. − However, there are innumerable point-to-point and intersheet contacts among these nanostructures, resulting in poor electronic conductivity and mechanical performance. − Hu et al fabricated a CNT film with a sheet resistance of 5 Ω sq –1 as a current collector to assemble flexible Li-ion paper batteries that endured 50 times of bending durability test with a bend radius of less than 6 mm . Cai et al assembled flexible full LIBs using a Si/graphene film anode and a commercial LiCoO 2 foil cathode, which exhibited a capacity retention of more than 95% after 30 times of continuous bending .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Stirring Synthesis of 1D Electrode Materials and Designing of Pyramid/Inverted Pyramid Interlocking for Highly Flexible and Foldable Li-Ion Batteries with High Mass Loading

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Flexible and foldable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are presently attracting immense research interest for their potential use in wearable electronics but are still limited to electrodes with very small mass loading, low bending/folding endurance, and poor electrochemical stability during repeated bending and folding movements. Moreover, one-dimensional (1D) structured electrode materials have shown excellent electrochemical performance but are still restricted by the high cost and complicated fabrication process. Here, we present a very simple yet novel approach for fabricating extra-long Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) and LiCoO2 (LCO) nanofiber precursors by directly stirring the reagents in an atmospheric vessel. In addition, we present multilayer pyramid/inverted pyramid interlocking inside the LTO and LCO nanofiber films as well as between films and current collectors, which can create strengthened interfacial bonding like a zipper and tangentially disperse the strains generated during folding through the pyramidal planes and edges, leading to the realization of thick-film electrodes with outstanding electrochemical stability during folding movements. The foldable LIBs that are assembled with LTO and LCO nanofiber electrodes at a practical level of mass loading (14.9–19.4 mg cm–2) can maintain 102% of the initial capacity after 15 000 times of fully folding (180°) motions.

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“…These different textile architectures have the potential to form the basis for architectural strain-engineering approaches that enable the integration of brittle functional materials with soft textiles to solve the mechanical mismatch problem. Although previous research has used textiles as substrates for LIBs, − no reports have yet emerged that use textile structures as an architectural strain-engineering strategy. Most of the research on developing textile-based LIBs for wearable power sources has used flexible fabrics as substrates to form electrodes, such as woven carbon cloth, − woven cotton fabrics, woven polyester fabrics, and nonwoven polyester fabrics. , These textile-based LIB electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical flexibility but lack softness and stretchability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velour Fabric as an Island-Bridge Architectural Design for Stretchable Textile-Based Lithium-ion Battery Electrodes

Mechael

Chen

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The advancement of wearable electronics depends on the seamless integration of lightweight and stretchable energy storage devices with textiles. Integrating brittle energy storage materials with soft and stretchable textiles, however, presents a challenging mechanical mismatch. It is critical to protect brittle energy storage materials from strain-induced damage and at the same time preserve the softness and stretchability of the functionalized e-textile. Here, we demonstrate the strategic use of a warp-knitted velour fabric in an “island-bridge” architectural strain-engineering design to prepare stretchable textile-based lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes. The velour fabric consists of a warp-knitted framework and a cut pile. We integrate the LIB electrode into this fabric by solution-based metallization to create the warp-knitted framework current collector “bridges” followed by selective deposition of the brittle electroactive material CuS on the cut pile “islands”. As the textile electrode is stretched, the warp-knitted framework current collector elongates, while the electroactive cut pile fibers simply ride along at their anchor points on the framework, protecting the brittle CuS coating from strain and subsequent damage. The textile-based stretchable LIB electrode exhibited excellent electrical and electrochemical performance with a current collector sheet resistance of 0.85 ± 0.06 Ω/sq and a specific capacity of 400 mAh/g at 0.5 C for 300 charging–discharging cycles as well as outstanding rate capability. The electrical performance and charge–discharge cycling stability of the electrode persisted even after 1000 repetitive stretching–releasing cycles, demonstrating the protective functionality of the textile-based island-bridge architectural strain-engineering design.

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Solution‐Processed Metal Coating to Nonwoven Fabrics for Wearable Rechargeable Batteries

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Wearable E-Textiles Using a Textile-Centric Design Approach

Wearable E-Textiles Using a Textile-Centric Design Approach

Mechanical Stirring Synthesis of 1D Electrode Materials and Designing of Pyramid/Inverted Pyramid Interlocking for Highly Flexible and Foldable Li-Ion Batteries with High Mass Loading

Velour Fabric as an Island-Bridge Architectural Design for Stretchable Textile-Based Lithium-ion Battery Electrodes

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