Solution sulfonation of a novel polybenzimidazole

Péron, Jennifer; Ruiz, Elodie; Jones, Deborah J.; Rozière, Jacqués

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2008.01.044

Cited by 121 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The sulfonic acid group begins decomposition at ∼425°C, consistent with the literature 29,30,34,35,39,43,[45][46][47][48] and is higher than that of other sulfonated aromatic polymers where significant weight losses are observed above 260°C. 40,46 The small weight losses (5-10%) before onset of sulfonic acid decomposition were seen even with drying the sample before testing, and are attributed to water absorbed from the atmosphere during sample transfer due to the hygroscopic nature of PBI, and were also seen in the p-PBI trace.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Three regions of evidence for the presence of the sulfonic acid groups were seen and are consistent with the literature. 33,35,43 The medium band at 800 cm -1 corresponds to the symmetric S-O stretch, whereas the new bands at 1022 and 1070 cm -1 arise from the SdO symmetric stretches. The strong bands at 1164 and 1225 cm -1 are due to asymmetric stretching of SdO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Three common approaches are typically employed for functionalizing PBI: (1) direct sulfonation of the backbone, 29,47,49 (2)chemical grafting of functionalized monomers, 31,35 or (3) polycondensation of a sulfonated aromatic diacid with an aromatic tetraamine. 30,50 The last method provides advantages over the first two, such as limitation of side reactions and control over the degree of sulfonation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

2010

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High molecular weight, highly PA-doped s-PBI membranes have been developed with robust mechanical properties and excellent proton conductivities (>0.1 S cm -1 ) at elevated temperatures (>100°C). These membranes show high PA loadings of 30-35 mol PA/PBI, and average tensile stress and strain of 0.804 MPa and 69.64%, respectively. Proton conductivities were dependent on the acid doping level and measured between 0.1 and 0.25 S cm -1 at 180°C, a pronounced increase over most phosphoric acid-doped sulfonated PBI membranes to date. Preliminary fuel cell testing with hydrogen fuel and air or oxygen oxidants was performed at temperatures greater than 100°C without external feed gas humidification and show excellent performance (0.62-0.68 V at 0.2 A cm -2 and 160°C, hydrogen/air; 0.69-0.76 V at 0.2 A cm -2 and 160°C, hydrogen/oxygen). Initial performance stability studies were conducted for ∼3000 h and indicate great promise as high temperature membranes, with a degradation rate of 30 μV h -1 .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

2010

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“…These materials generally have more facile preparation routes, and are less costly than perfluorinated materials. These new materials have primarily explored radiation induced graft polymerization on per-or partially fluorinated aliphatic polymers [24], and development of sulfonated aromatic or heterocyclic polymers, in particular polysulfones [25], polyetherketones [26], polybenzimidazoles [27] and polyimides [28], in which the protogenic groups are covalently bound either to the polymer backbone or via a spacer. Polyaromatic polymers have generally been preferred because of their thermal and chemical stabilities.…”

Section: Ii1 Membrane Development Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyaromatic polymers have generally been preferred because of their thermal and chemical stabilities. PBI polymers are particularly thermally and chemically stable and novel ether-linked polybenzimidazoles can be functionalized by direct sulfonation in heterogeneous [27] or homogeneous [29] media, with control both of the degree and the site of sulfonation reaction.…”

Section: Ii1 Membrane Development Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Lamy

Jones

Coutanceau

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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International audienceThe membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of a PEMFC stack. Conventional MEAs are composed of catalyzed electrodes loaded with 0.1-0.4 mgPt cm−2 pressed against a Nafion® membrane, leading to cell performance close to 0.8 W cm−2 at 0.6 V. Due to their limited stability at high temperatures, the cost of platinum catalysts and that of proton exchange membranes, the recycling problems and material availability, the MEA components do not match the requirements for large scale development of PEMCFs at a low cost, particularly for automotive applications. Novel approaches to medium and high temperature membranes are described in this work, and a composite polybenzimidazole-poly(vinylphosphonic) acid membrane, stable up to 190 ◦C, led to a power density of 0.5 W cm−2 at 160 ◦C under 3 bar abs with hydrogen and air. Concerning the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts supported on a Vulcan XC72 carbon powder, the Bönnemann colloidal method and above all plasma sputtering allowed preparing bimetallic platinum-based electrocatalysts with a low Pt loading. In the case of plasma deposition of Pt nanoclusters, Pt loadings as low as 10 g cm−2 were achieved, leading to a very high mass power density of ca. 20 kW g−1 Pt . Finally characterization of the MEA electrical properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) based on a theoretical model of mass and charge transport inside the active and gas diffusion layers, together with the optimization of the operating parameters (cell temperature, humidity, flow rate and pressure) allowed obtaining electrical performance greater than 1.2 W cm−2 using an homemade MEA with a rather low Pt loading

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Nonfluorinated Polymers for Proton Exchange Membranes

2014

Polymers for PEM Fuel Cells

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Solution sulfonation of a novel polybenzimidazole

Cited by 121 publications

References 29 publications

Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Nonfluorinated Polymers for Proton Exchange Membranes

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