Solve fractional differential equations via a hybrid method between variational iteration method and gray wolf optimization algorithm

Abstract

In this paper, a hybrid method between Variational Iteration Method (VIM) and gray wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) was proposed to solve the fractional differential equations (FDE), where the optimal parameter value ([Formula: see text] for the VIM was estimated by the GWO. The solutions in the proposed method, GWO-VIM, demonstrated the efficiency and reliability compared to the default method VIM, by calculating the maximum absolute errors (MAE) and mean square error (MSE).

A comparative series solutions of Japanese encephalitis model using differential transform method and variational iteration method

“…Using a VIM, Fernane 21 was able to approximate solutions for general n th‐order integro‐differential equations as well as some classes of linear and nonlinear Volterra integro‐differential equations. VIM and Gray Wolf Optimization hybrid approach were introduced by Entesar et al 22 to solve fractional differential equations and compare the solutions by measuring the maximum absolute errors and mean square error.…”