Solvent bar microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography for preconcentration and determination of pramipexole in biological samples

Abstract

A simple, rapid and sensitive analytical method for preconcentration and determination of pramipexole in different biological samples has been developed using solvent bar microextraction (SBME) combined with HPLC-UV. The target drugs were extracted from 10 mL of basic aqueous sample solution into an organic extracting solvent located inside the pores of a polypropylene hollow fiber, then back-extracted into an acidified aqueous solution in the lumen of the hollow fiber. In order to obtain high extraction efficiency, the effect of different variables on the extraction efficiency was studied simultaneously using an experimental design. The experimental parameters of SBME were optimized using a Box-Behnken design after a Plackett-Burman screening design. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor up to 96 was achieved and the relative standard deviation of the method was 4.64% (n = 5). The linear range was 0.05-2000 µg/L with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.987. Finally, the applicability of the proposed method was evaluated by extraction and determination of pramipexole in plasma and urine samples. The results indicated that SBME method has excellent clean-up and high preconcentration factor and can serve as a simple and sensitive method for analysis of pramipexole in biological samples.

Design of selective molecularly imprinted sorbent for the optimized solid‐phase extraction of S‐pramipexole from the model multicomponent sample of human urine

“…The main analytical problem in the detection of S ‐pramipexole is related to matrix effect of the sample which limited direct measurements by the analytical instruments. In most cases, various types of liquid–liquid extraction (such as, solvent bar microextraction) were employed to remove interfering compounds before analysis . However, this extraction method suffers from large sample volumes, high consumption of organic solvents, low enrichment factors, and insufficient recoveries .…”

LC-MS/MS analysis of pramipexole in mouse plasma and tissues: Elimination of lipid matrix effects using weak cation exchange mode based solid-phase extraction

“…Although traditional reverse phase columns were commonly used for LC-MS/MS analysis of PPX [13,15,18], little or faint retention was obtained for PPX in our present study due to its high polarity. As a result, strong ion suppression was found in LC-MS/MS analysis using C 18 columns when PPX was co-eluted with endogenous components.…”

“…M. Yadav et al has summarized the advantages and shortcomings of these reported analytical assays for the quantitation of PPX in biomatrices [15]. Recently, GC-MS [16], Q-TOF LC-MS [17] and solvent bar microextraction (SBME) based HPLC-UV methods [18] have been published for the quantification of PPX in rat and human biological samples with their own merits and demerits. For instance, the Q-TOF LC-MS method employed a non-volumetrically (size) based dried blood spots approach and might resulted in a higher degree of assay errors for quantitative analysis than the conventional methods [19].…”

Simultaneous determination of furosemide and carbamazepine in biological matrices by solvent bar microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector and central composite design

“…The organic solvent should easily immobilize within the pores of the HF microtube, have a high selectivity for the selected drugs, and not attract other interferents available in urine/plasma matrices. In addition, to prevent its loss from the HF microtube during the extraction, the solvent should be immiscible with water and non‐volatile (Ghasemi et al, 2014). To achieve this aim, solvents of different chemistries including isopropyl palmitate, dioctyl phthalate, propyl benzoate, 1‐octanol, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate were examined.…”