Solvent-Based Optimization of CSRR and IDC RF Bio-Sensors

Wadhwani, Kunal; Hussaini, Sheena; Mazumder, Annesha; Azeemuddin, Syed

doi:10.1109/jsen.2022.3148349

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The required optimization procedure is essentially making a decision as to which parts of the pattering area are covered with metal and which parts are not (etched). In particular, this versatile design approach was also applied to the design of high-sensitivity planar sensors [37,84,85]. In microwave sensors based on electrically small planar resonators (ESPRs), the shape of the resonator plays an essential role in the sensitivity.…”

Section: Resonator Pattern Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar work [84], the same approach, i.e., the pixelization of the sensing area (resonator area) and applying a binary optimization algorithm was used to design CSRR and interdigitated capacitor (IDC)-based sensors. While in the CSRR sensor, a resonator is etched on the ground plane of a microstrip line, in the IDC sensor, the resonator (which consists of inductive inter-digitated fingers with capacitive gaps between them) is placed between two sections of a microstrip line.…”

Section: Resonator Pattern Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Abdolrazzaghi

Nayyeri

Martín

2022

Sensors

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Planar microwave sensors have become increasing developed in recent decades, especially in material characterization (solid/liquid) as they provide regions highly sensitive to the surrounding medium. However, when it comes to deciphering the content of practical biological analytes or chemical components inside a host medium, even higher sensitivities are required due to their minute concentrations. This review article presents a comprehensive outlook on various methodologies to enhance sensitivity (e.g., coupling resonators, channel embedding, analyte immobilization, resonator pattern recognition, use of phase variation, using coupled line section, and intermodulation products), resolution (active sensors, differential measurements), and robustness (using machine learning) of arbitrary sensors of interest. Some of the most practical approaches are presented with prototype examples, and the main applications of incorporating such procedures are reported. Sensors with which the proposed techniques are implemented exhibit higher performance for high-end and real-life use.

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Section: Resonator Pattern Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resonator Pattern Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Abdolrazzaghi

Nayyeri

Martín

2022

Sensors

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“…Furthermore, capacitive SPBs also utilize for the detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) (for cardiovascular risks), interleukin 8, interleukin 6, and microRNA-21, , viruses like SARS-CoV-2, and biochemicals like nucleic acid, l -lysine, acetone, and glucose. − Capacitive SPBs with textiles like facemasks and cloths can help in monitoring respiration and physiological activities. , Researchers are now better able to create biodegradable implanted biosensors and wearable biosensors. Implantable SPBs can measure arterial blood flow using biodegradable capacitors .…”

Section: Assembling Biosensor Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Self-Powered Biofuel Cells with Capacitor and Nanogenerator for Biomarker Sensing

Yadav,

Patil,

Dutta

2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Self-powered biofuel cells (BFCs) have evolved for highly sensitive detection of biomarkers such as noncodon micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in the presence of interfering substrates. Self-charging supercapacitive BFCs for in vivo and in vitro cellular microenvironments represent the most prevalent sensing mechanism for diagnosis. Therefore, self-powered biosensing (SPB) with a capacitor and contact separation with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers electrochemical and colorimetric dual-mode detection via improved electrical signal intensity. In this review, we discuss three major components: stretchable self-powered BFC design, miRNA sensing, and impedance spectroscopy. A specific focus is given to 1) assembling of sensors for biomarkers, 2) electrical output signal intensification, and 3) role of supercapacitors and nanogenerators in SPBs. We outline the key features of stretchable SPBs and the sequence of miRNA sensing by SPBs. We have emphasized the need of a supercapacitor and nanogenerator for SPBs in the context of advanced assembly of the sensing unit. Finally, we outline the role of impedance spectroscopy in the detection and estimation of biomarkers. We highlight key challenges in SPBs for biomarker sensing, which needs improved sensing accuracy, integration strategies of electrochemical biosensing for in vitro and in vivo microenvironments, and the impact of miRNA sensing on cancer diagnostics. This article attempts a specific focus on the accuracy and limitations of sensing unit for miRNA biomarkers and associated tool for boosting electrical signal intensity for a potential big step further.

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“…Many dielectric characterization biosensors are designed and prototyped for operating at a single resonant frequency determined by the electronic circuitry's size/shape/configuration, most commonly featuring a patch resonator [5,[11][12][13] or ring resonators, e.g., split ring resonator (SRR) or complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) [3,4,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. SRRs and CSRRs create an ideal circular loading area for MUTs, such as an aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microstrip Transmission Line Biosensor to Measure the Interaction between Microliter Aqueous Solutions and 1.0–17.0 GHz Radio Frequencies

Godfrey

Ewert

Striker

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Radio frequency (RF) biosensors are an expanding field of interest because of the ability to design noninvasive, label-free, low-production-cost sensing devices. Previous works identified the need for smaller experimental devices, requiring nanoliter to milliliter sampling volumes and increased capability of repeatable and sensitive measurement capability. The following work aims to verify a millimeter-sized, microstrip transmission line biosensor design with a microliter well operating on a broadband radio frequency range of 1.0–17.0 GHz. Three successive experiments were performed to provide evidence for (1) repeatability of measurements after loading/unloading the well, (2) sensitivity of measurement sets, and (3) methodology verification. Materials under test (MUTs) loaded into the well included deionized water, Tris-EDTA buffer, and lambda DNA. S-parameters were measured to determine interaction levels between the radio frequencies and MUTs during the broadband sweep. MUTs increasing in concentration were repeatably detected and demonstrated high measurement sensitivity, with the highest error value observed being 0.36%. Comparing Tris-EDTA buffer versus lambda DNA suspended in Tris-EDTA buffer suggests that introducing lambda DNA into the Tris-EDTA buffer repeatably alters S-parameters. The innovative aspect of this biosensor is that it can measure interactions of electromagnetic energy and MUTs in microliter quantities with high repeatability and sensitivity.

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Solvent-Based Optimization of CSRR and IDC RF Bio-Sensors

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Techniques to Improve the Performance of Planar Microwave Sensors: A Review and Recent Developments

Advanced Self-Powered Biofuel Cells with Capacitor and Nanogenerator for Biomarker Sensing

A Microstrip Transmission Line Biosensor to Measure the Interaction between Microliter Aqueous Solutions and 1.0–17.0 GHz Radio Frequencies

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