Solvent casting effects of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Ternary proton exchange membranes with low‐cost raw materials: Solvent type influence on microstructure development, high ionic conductivity, and ionic liquid lixiviation protection

“…In the case of present study, when the spDMF membrane (solvent with higher dipolar moment) reached the critical stage of casting process, it probably formed bigger aggregates because demaTfO and Mmtdema have more compatibility with solvent, thus, as the critical stage lasts longer than in the cases of the lower boiling point solvents, there was more time for the particles to aggregate, which eliminates the high degree of dispersion attained through ultrasound and stirring. The conductivity results of ionic conductivity are contrary to those reported by Robertson and co‐workers, who encountered that DMF and DMAc form lower conductivity films, due to the fact that sulfonic group interacts with amide group, the results are also against the tendency found for sPEEK pure membranes made by Jun and co‐workers in 2012, which can be because of the fact that the presence of IL modifies the interaction of sulfonic group with solvents.…”

“…On the other hand, SpDMAc and DMF presented one single mobility domain, which means that exist uniformity of components distribution (because the forces around protons are similar). In 2016 He and coworkers found that there is a relationship between polarity and arrangement of sulfonic groups of polymer chains, which could lead to different mobility domains, finding high phase separation for films made with water/alcohol solution, this phenomenon has also been reported by other authors …”

Polydopamine-modified graphene oxide nanocomposite membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell under anhydrous conditions

“…The higher proton transfer ability should be responsible for the performance enhancement of the nanocomposite membrane, which offers less electrolyte resistance and faster reduction reaction in the cathode of fuel cell. 58,59 Under identical conditions, GO displays similar function in elevating the maximum current density (608.9 mA cm À2 ) and power density (156.0 mW cm À2 ) of the cell using SPEEK/GO-5. Among the nanocomposite membranes, the DGO-lled membrane has better cell performance than the GO-lled membrane, reasonably due to its higher proton conductivity.…”

Sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)-based proton exchange membranes for vanadium redox battery applications

“…The new absorption band at 2880 cm -1 observed in the original membrane has been assigned to the C-H band of the methyl group in the NMP, indicating the presence of the solvent in the membrane. Interestingly, the band disappeared after the soaking process, suggesting the remaining NMP was effectively removed from the membrane by a sulfuric acid in V(V) solution [42]. At lower wavenumber region, as shown in Figure 13b, four absorption bands of sulfonic acid groups (SO 3 H) from SPEEK backbone, namely at 1252, 1080, 1024, and 709 cm -1 are still observed for the soaked membrane, suggesting good chemical stability of the SPEEK membrane.…”