Solvent extraction. III. The effect of particle size on extraction rate

Abstract

Summary Quantitative data have been presented for the effect of “effective extraction size” on the rate of extraction of oil from soybeans, peanuts, cottonseed, corn germ grits, and flaxseed. Both flakes and grits have been studied. The results are best correlated by a straight‐line plot on log‐log paper of “time to 1% residual” and effective extraction size. The slope of the line is a measure of the change in extraction rate with extraction size. The slope was found to be different for the different oil seeds and to be larger for seeds prepared as grits than for the same seed prepared as flakes.

Kinetics and thermodynamics of cottonseed oil extraction

“…normally, extraction rate depends on the nature of the solvent and the oil, reaction time between solvent and seeds, temperature of the process, particle size of the meal, and solvent-solid ratio. Coats and Wingard (1950) observed that the oil extraction rate was largely dependent on particle size. Seth et.…”

Temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient of oil from different sunflower seeds during extraction with hexane

“…Different approaches have been presented to explain the oil content remaining in the solid as a function of flake thicknesses and extraction time (Boucher et al, 1942;Fan et al, 1948;Coats and Wingard, 1950). The literature reports that the limiting extraction stage is due to the chemical composition of the residual oil, mainly to the increment of less soluble components such as phosphatides and non-glycerides (Coats and Karnosfky, 1950;Coats and Wingard, 1950).…”

Kinetics of oil extraction from canola (rapeseed)

“…King et al (1944) carried out similar experiments using soybean flakes and reported that the theory of diffusion did not correspond with the experimental results. Other workers have since studied the effect of temperature (Wingard andPhilips, 1951 andBecker, 1978), flake thickness (Coats and Wingard, 1950;Becker, 1978;and Othmer and Agarwal, 1955), and moisture (Katzer, 1972) on the extraction of oils from various oil seeds and correlated their data using empirical equations. Other workers have since studied the effect of temperature (Wingard andPhilips, 1951 andBecker, 1978), flake thickness (Coats and Wingard, 1950;Becker, 1978;and Othmer and Agarwal, 1955), and moisture (Katzer, 1972) on the extraction of oils from various oil seeds and correlated their data using empirical equations.…”

“…This was confirmed by Osbum and Katz (1944) who suggested that two different diffusion processes were taking place: one being the diffusion from cells ruptured in rolling, and the other being diffusion from intact cells. Other workers have since studied the effect of temperature (Wingard andPhilips, 1951 andBecker, 1978), flake thickness (Coats and Wingard, 1950;Becker, 1978;and Othmer and Agarwal, 1955), and moisture (Katzer, 1972) on the extraction of oils from various oil seeds and correlated their data using empirical equations. Katzer (1972) used canola in his work.…”