Solvent‐Free Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formations in Ball Mills

Abstract

Ball milling has been applied in numerous solvent-free carbon-carbon bond formations. In many cases, these transformations proved superior to the analogous reactions performed in solution. The reaction scope involves purely organic addition and coupling reactions, transformations involving metals (in stoichiometric and catalytic amounts) as well as asymmetric organocatalyses.

Utility of Pyrazolylchalcone Synthon to Synthesize Azolopyrimidines under Grindstone Technology

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] In continuation of our previous work to discover new bioactive heterocyclic compounds, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] we aimed here to synthesize new pyrazolyl-azolopyrimidines via ecofriendly method to evaluate their antibacterial activity.…”

Chemically Modified Carbon Nanotubes: Derivatization and Their Applications

“…In chemical synthesis, ball milling approach provides the required conditions very efficiently thereby the chemical reactions takes place in a very shortest time intervals. The mechanism of modification takes place either by changing the reactivity of the reagents or by breaking the molecular bonds [80]. Pierard et.al.…”

“…Simple ball mill grinding facilitates the activation of substrate material and subsequent modification with suitable indicator species often used in inorganic and material chemistry. This kind of modification has been extensively used in the preparation and modification of solids at laboratory and industrial scale levels [80]. The basic principle involved in this process is the generation of frictional forces by the collision between the surfaces of the reactants which results in the increased internal energy, temperature and pressure.…”

Covalent modification of glassy carbon spheres through ball milling under solvent free conditions: A novel electrochemical interface for mercury(II) quantification

“…This route modifies the conditions under which a chemical reaction generally takes place. The reactions under ball milling conditions generally occur either by changing the reactivity of the reagents or by breaking the molecular bonds mechanically [11]. This approach has been used in the alkylation, arylation and introduction of selective functional moieties under specific atmospheres [12][13][14][15].…”