Solvent-free functionalisation of graphene oxide with amide and amine groups at room temperature

Sandoval, Stefania; Fuertes, Amparo

doi:10.1039/c9cc05693a

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 For example, a carboxyl-rich GO could be used as a platform in metal-ion removal from wastewater, employed in amide coupling with amine-rich nanomaterials, as well as in the preparation of supramolecular hydrogels. [14][15][16][17][18] Examples of carboxylation include the one reported by A. Bakandritsos et al, 19,20 who obtained a carboxyl-rich GO from cyanographene hydrolyzed with an aqueous solution of HNO 3 at 20% in order to transform the -CN groups into -COOH groups. The content of this functional groups was estimated as 9.3% on the basis of the deconvoluted C 1s XPS spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-pot carboxyl enrichment fosters water-dispersibility of reduced graphene oxide: a combined experimental and theoretical assessment

et al. 2023

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-pot carboxyl enrichment fosters water-dispersibility of reduced graphene oxide: a combined experimental and theoretical assessment

et al. 2023

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“…The polymer is not soluble in water, and as mentioned before, this leads to GO aggregation when the polymer is mixed in a GO dispersion. At higher polymer concentrations, phase separation appears to occur and the light spots are a polymer-rich phase …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion Assembly of Graphene Oxide/Polymer Composite Membranes

Ngo

Yuan

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Graphene oxide/polymer composite water filtration membranes were developed via coalescence of graphene oxide (GO) stabilized Pickering emulsions around a porosity-generating polymer. Triptycene poly(ether ether sulfone)-CH 2 NH 2 :HCl polymer interacts with the GO at the water−oil interface, resulting in stable Pickering emulsions. When they are deposited and dried on polytetrafluoroethylene substrate, the emulsions fuse to form a continuous GO/ polymer composite membrane. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy demonstrate that the intersheet spacing and thickness of the membranes increased with increasing polymer concentration, confirming the polymer as the spacer between the GO sheets. The water filtration capability of the composite membranes was tested by removing Rose Bengal from water, mimicking separations of weak black liquor waste. The composite membrane achieved 65% rejection and 2500 g m −2 h −1 bar −1 . With high polymer and GO loading, composite membranes give superior rejection and permeance performance when compared with a GO membrane. This methodology for fabrication membranes via GO/polymer Pickering emulsions produces membranes with a homogeneous morphology and robust chemical separation strength.

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“…GO is usually employed as a precursor for the preparation of graphene derivatives, as it is the case of N-containing graphene. The latter can be prepared by both in situ treatments, which include CVD [ 16 ] and arc discharge reactions [ 17 ], or via post synthesis approaches [ 18 ], such as plasma [ 19 ], ammonolysis [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], hydrothermal [ 23 , 24 ], laser [ 25 ] or aerosol-based processes [ 26 ]. All of them have been reported as successful strategies to introduce N within the GO structure [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When increasing T, a variety of materials can be obtained. In samples prepared in the range of 220–400 °C, both aliphatic and structural N coexist, while using T ≥ 500 °C leads to the formation of N-doped RGO [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Nature of N-Based Groups From N-Containing Reduced Graphene Oxide: Enhanced Thermal Stability Using Post-Synthesis Treatments

Sandoval

2020

Nanomaterials

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The synthesis of N-containing graphene derivatives by functionalization and doping of graphene oxide (GO) has been widely reported as an alternative to tune both their chemical and physical properties. These materials are of interest for a wide range of applications, including biomedicine, sensors, energy, and catalysis, to name some. Understanding the role of the nature, reactivity, concentration, and distribution of the N-based species, would pave the way towards the design of synthetic routes to obtain improved materials for specific applications. The N-groups can be present either as aliphatic fractions (amides and amines) or becoming part of the planar conjugated lattice (N-doping). Here, we have modified the distribution of N-based moieties present in N-containing RGO samples (prepared by ammonolysis of GO) and evaluated the role of the concentration and nature of the species in the thermal stability of the materials once thermally annealed (500 °C–1050 °C) under inert environments. After these post-synthesis treatments, samples underwent marked structural modifications that include the elimination and/or transformation of N-containing fractions, which might account for the observed enhanced thermal stability. It is remarkable the formation of pyridinic N-oxide species, which role in the properties of N-containing graphene derivatives has been barely reported. The presence of this fraction is found to confer an enhanced thermal stability to the material.

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Solvent-free functionalisation of graphene oxide with amide and amine groups at room temperature

Abstract: A new solvent free protocol is presented to introduce amide and amine functionalities (N-aliphatic groups) onto graphene oxide in an energy efficient manner.

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

One-pot carboxyl enrichment fosters water-dispersibility of reduced graphene oxide: a combined experimental and theoretical assessment

One-pot carboxyl enrichment fosters water-dispersibility of reduced graphene oxide: a combined experimental and theoretical assessment

Emulsion Assembly of Graphene Oxide/Polymer Composite Membranes

Tuning the Nature of N-Based Groups From N-Containing Reduced Graphene Oxide: Enhanced Thermal Stability Using Post-Synthesis Treatments

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