Solvent-free preparation of polylactic acid fibers by melt electrospinning using umbrella-like spray head and alleviation of problematic thermal degradation

Abstract

Melt electrospinning is an even simpler and safer method compared with the solution electrospinning in the production of ultra-fine fibers. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and resorbable aliphatic ester that has received significant attention in recent years. PLA is easily degradable at high temperature in the process of melt electrospinning. High efficient fibers were made using our designed umbrella-like spray head spinning facility in this work. To find how to alleviate the problematic degradation and what factors could be relevant to degradation, temperature, relative molecular mass, Differential Scanning Calorimeter and X-ray Diffraction patterns before and after spinning were investigated and compared with each other. Results showed that fibers were facile shorten and fractured when spun at 245°C while the relative molecular mass of PLA fibers decreased markedly as compared with that spun at 210°C. To hinder the degradation, couple of experimental efforts were implemented with adding antioxidants, raising spinning voltage, lowering temperature, and reducing residence time. After such efforts, it was observed that the relative molecular mass of the PLA fibers was higher than those without inputting any efforts. The effect of antioxidant 1010 was found the most promising on the alleviation of PLA problematic thermal degradation

Biobased Dyes as Conductive Additives to Reduce the Diameter of Polylactic Acid Fibers during Melt Electrospinning

“…PLA fibers produced by melt electrospinning have been modified by adding a plasticizer [21,26], and by adjusting the device during fabrication to facilitate airflow [27] or incorporate laser heating [17]. These approaches led to the production of fibers with diameters in the range 0.2-50 µm [17,18,21,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. However, most of the additives used thus far are unsustainable chemicals that offset the environmental advantages of biobased polymers.…”

The effects of processing parameters on the morphology of PLA/PEG melt electrospun fibers

“…Nonetheless, PLA degradation at high temperatures through very small nozzles must also be considered. To minimize thermal degradation, commercial phenolic antioxidants like Irganox® 1010 may be helpful in improving the thermal stability during high temperature processing of PLA …”

Melt electrospinning in a parallel electric field

“…The equipment for melt electrospinning mainly consists of a spinneret, a heating system, a high‐voltage supply device, and a collector . The collector used in this study was an aluminum disk.…”