Abstract:To commercialize a degradable material, it is necessary to control the initial stability which is strongly depended on their life time. One approach to modify physical properties of degradable polyesters is a blend with a non-degradable polymer because a nondegradable polymer with low surface energy is enriched at surface. Biodegradable polyesters, such as poly(dl-lactide) (dl-PLA), semi-crystalline poly(l-lactide) (l-PLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as a n… Show more
“…The latter indicates that a change in the contact angle is most likely associated with a change in the morphology of the surface, and not with a change in its functional composition. The observed values and dependencies are consistent with the literature data for similar materials and polymer blends [44][45][46][47]. For example, for PVDF/PPEGMA blends, the contribution of γ p becomes noticeable only when the PPEGMA content is more than 20 wt.%, while the contact angle drops already at a copolymer content of about 10 wt.% [44].…”
The use of biocidal agents is a common practice for protection against biofouling in biomass-rich environments. In this paper, oligohexamethyleneguanidine (OHMG) polymer, known for its biocidal properties, was further modified with para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) to enhance its properties against microorganisms coated with a lipid membrane. The structure of the product was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. The values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 and Pseudomonas chlororaphis 449 were found to be 1.40 and 1.05 μg/mL, respectively. The synthesized substance was used as an additive to the polymer matrix of the composite optical oxygen sensor material. A series of samples with different contents of OHMG-PAS was prepared using a co-dissolution method implying the fabrication of a coating from a solution containing both polymers. It turned out that the mutual influence of the components significantly affects the distribution of the indicator in the matrix, surface morphology, and contact angle. The optimal polymer content turned out to be wt.3%, at which point the water contact angle reaches almost 122°, and the fouling rate decreases by almost five times, which is confirmed by both the respiratory MTT assay and confocal microscopy with staining. This opens up prospects for creating stable and biofouling-resistant sensor elements for use in air tanks or seawater.
“…The latter indicates that a change in the contact angle is most likely associated with a change in the morphology of the surface, and not with a change in its functional composition. The observed values and dependencies are consistent with the literature data for similar materials and polymer blends [44][45][46][47]. For example, for PVDF/PPEGMA blends, the contribution of γ p becomes noticeable only when the PPEGMA content is more than 20 wt.%, while the contact angle drops already at a copolymer content of about 10 wt.% [44].…”
The use of biocidal agents is a common practice for protection against biofouling in biomass-rich environments. In this paper, oligohexamethyleneguanidine (OHMG) polymer, known for its biocidal properties, was further modified with para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) to enhance its properties against microorganisms coated with a lipid membrane. The structure of the product was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. The values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 and Pseudomonas chlororaphis 449 were found to be 1.40 and 1.05 μg/mL, respectively. The synthesized substance was used as an additive to the polymer matrix of the composite optical oxygen sensor material. A series of samples with different contents of OHMG-PAS was prepared using a co-dissolution method implying the fabrication of a coating from a solution containing both polymers. It turned out that the mutual influence of the components significantly affects the distribution of the indicator in the matrix, surface morphology, and contact angle. The optimal polymer content turned out to be wt.3%, at which point the water contact angle reaches almost 122°, and the fouling rate decreases by almost five times, which is confirmed by both the respiratory MTT assay and confocal microscopy with staining. This opens up prospects for creating stable and biofouling-resistant sensor elements for use in air tanks or seawater.
“…It is speculated that sp 2 , which is thermodynamically stable and has a shorter bonding length (1.46 Å), found it easier to form bonds in the pre-existing TiZrN lattice. The peak of CF 2 (F–C–F) bonding was due to the fluorine contained in the graphite paste, and the oxidation was accelerated during the laser carburisation process, resulting in an increase in the CO (C=O) bonding peak intensity [30,31]. Figure 2 XPS C 1s peaks before and after laser carburisation.…”
The enhancement of wear resistance by laser carburisation on TiZrN coatings was investigated in terms of bond state. Graphite paste was used to cover the TiZrN coatings and then pulsed laser ablation was used to solidify the carbon. Tribometer test showed that the friction coefficient was reduced from 0.64 to 0.17 after laser carburisation. The doped carbon was analysed as a mixture with sp 2 C and sp 3 C bonds using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profile. The sp 2 /sp 3 ratio was 2.29 at the surface and increased up to 2.91 in the depth direction. To verify the effect of the hybrid bonds on the atomic order, annealing was carried out to the carburised specimens. As the ratio increased to 3.28, graphitisation resulting in transition from sp 3 to sp 2 was confirmed, and variation in the lattice structure was demonstrated by a reduction in the lattice constant (4.45 Å to 4.40 Å) using Rietveld refinement.
“…Jancar (1999), Zhang (2003), Anderson(2008), Balakrishnan (2012) and Mittal(2012), investigated several methods to improve PLA mechanical properties, such as copolymerization, blending and adding nanoparticle have been considered. Always, Blending of two polymers has been considered as an economical and easy way to improve the properties of polymers and so far, a lot of studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of blending on various properties of PLA, for example studies by Teamsinsungvon (2013), Fu (2013), Gui (2013), andJung (2014). It should be noted that in the polymer blends the properties of the final product depend not only on the intrinsic properties of both phases and the composition of phases but also on morphology and their compatibility.…”
In this work, Poly Lactic Acid/Poly methyl Methacrylate (PLA/PMMA) blends in various compositions prepared and morphology and properties of these blends was investigated. Moreover, the effect of adding different amounts of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) on the morphology of the blends (by SEM), the interaction of nanopalates with polymer phases (by FTIR) and its effect on the mechanical properties
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