Solvent neurotoxicity

Dick, Finlay

doi:10.1136/oem.2005.022400

Cited by 200 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, Dick reported that there is no real definition of what is regarded as a significant exposure to solvents, and no verdict on whether the important determinant of adverse effects is the lifetime (cumulative) exposure or the peaks (intensity) of exposure. 1 In addition, the subject could have idiopathic auditory neuropathy or dys-synchrony, although the majority of reported cases (80 per cent) present in conjunction with specific medical risk factors and generalised neuropathic disorders. 20 Despite these factors, reporting this case may be of some importance, given the clinical setting, regarding the possible specific toxicity of xylene on the auditory nerve and/or central auditory system in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, research suggests that long term or acute exposure to solvents can have noxious, neurotoxic and ototoxic effects. 1 Humans with long term or acute exposure to solvents have demonstrated hearing losses greater than would be expected for their age 2 -6 and, when working in industrial environments using solvents, greater than would be expected for noise exposure alone. 3 -5,7 There is also evidence that solvent exposure may result in retrocochlear rather than peripheral cochlear lesions in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory neuropathy in a patient exposed to xylene: case report

Draper

Bamiou

2008

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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Objective: To report the case of an adult patient who developed auditory complaints following xylene exposure, and to review the literature on the effects of solvent exposure on hearing.Case report: The patient presented with a gradual deterioration in his ability to hear in difficult acoustic environments and also to hear complex sounds such as music, over a 40-year period. His symptoms began following exposure to the solvent xylene, and in the absence of any other risk factor. Our audiological investigations revealed normal otoacoustic emissions with absent auditory brainstem responses and absent acoustic reflexes in both ears, consistent with a diagnosis of bilateral auditory neuropathy. Central test results were also abnormal, indicating possible involvement of the central auditory pathway.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of retrocochlear hearing loss following xylene exposure. The test results may provide some insight into the effect of xylene as an isolated agent on the human auditory pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory neuropathy in a patient exposed to xylene: case report

Draper

Bamiou

2008

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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“…For prevention of solvent neurotoxicity, good occupational hygiene practice is the mainstay of managing solvent exposures: substitution with water based agents, engineering controls such as adequate local exhaust ventilation, administrative controls (for example, supervisors ensuring the storage of solvents in sealed containers when not in use), worker education, and nally the use of appropriate personal protective equipment that is t for purpose [1]. In the future, studies should be planned with objectively de ned solvent exposures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brain imaging is useful, both for excluding other neurological conditions and for identifying cerebral atrophy [21] or white matter lesions [22]. Radiological changes have also been described in individuals with solvent neurotoxicity [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic solvents have a wide range of usages, and are found as components of paints, pharmaceuticals, degreasing agents, adhesives, printing inks, pesticides, cosmetics and household cleaners and thus, are virtually everywhere. Commonly used solvents include isopropanol, toluene and xylene, solvent mixtures such as white spirits (mineral spirits) and chlorinated solvents such as methylene chloride, trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene [1].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function

Saygun

Ekici²,

Muluk³

et al. 2012

CIM

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TurkeyE ects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function Abstract Purpose: e e ects of long-term low-level exposures to solvents on cognitive function were investigated.Methods: A total of 389 workers at a gun factory, those exposed to solvents (n=193) and those that were not exposed to solvents during work (n=196), were included. All the workers were given a questionnaire. Cognitive function was evaluated by Mini-mental Status Examination (MMSE) and psychological status was assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale. Results:No di erences were found in the MMSE and HAD scores between solventexposed workers and control workers (p>0.05). In the workers who had used a mask for a longer time, orientation scores were lower. Daytime sleepiness was related to lower recall scores.. Le -handed workers had higher total HAD scores than right-handed workers.Conclusions: Long-term low-level exposure to solvents did not a ect cognitive function in the workers, according to their MMSE scores. Duration of solvent exposure was also not related to MMSE Scores. Short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness may negatively a ect cognitive function.

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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles in Metal‐Phenolic Networks: Catalytic and Antimicrobial Applications of Coated Textiles

Yun

Pan

Wang

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The synthesis of metal nanoparticle (NP)-coated textiles (nanotextiles) is achieved by a dipping process in water without toxic chemicals or complicated synthetic procedures. By taking advantage of the unique nature of tannic acid, metal-phenolic network-coated textiles serve as reducing and stabilizing sites for the generation of metal nanoparticles of controllable size. The textiles can be decorated with various metal nanoparticles, including palladium, silver, or gold, and exhibit properties derived from the presence of the metal nanoparticles, for example, catalytic activity in water (>96% over five cycles using palladium nanoparticles) and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (inhibition of Escherichia coli using silver nanoparticles) that outperforms a commercial bandage. The reported strategy offers opportunities for the development of hybrid nanomaterials that may have application in fields outside of catalysis and antimicrobials, such as sensing and smart clothing.

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Solvent neurotoxicity

Cited by 200 publications

References 64 publications

Auditory neuropathy in a patient exposed to xylene: case report

Auditory neuropathy in a patient exposed to xylene: case report

Effects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles in Metal‐Phenolic Networks: Catalytic and Antimicrobial Applications of Coated Textiles

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