Solvent-thermal preparation of sulfur and nitrogen-doped carbon dots with PET waste as precursor and application in light-blocking film

Carbon Dots Derived from Non-Biomass Waste: Methods, Applications, and Future Perspectives

“…For example, waste PET fibers were converted to PET oligomers through glycolysis pre-treatment using ethylene glycol and zinc acetate dehydrates and subsequent microwave reactions. The resulting CDs have high QYs of 49.36% and 97.30%, with relatively small average sizes of 4.3 nm and 2.8 nm, respectively [ 85 , 87 ]. Various chemical methods have been reported to remove lignin from eucalyptus fibers, obtaining a refined cellulose fraction.…”

“…Therefore, conventional CDs derived from waste normally show a wide emission wavelength with a full width at half-maximum of more than 100 nm [39][40][41][42]. In this literature review, a systematic search method was employed to gather existing research on CDs derived from non-biomass waste, focusing on their precursor materials (including ash [32,39,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55], waste plastics [40,, wastepaper [79][80][81][82][83], waste textiles [84][85][86][87][88][89], cigarette filters [90], sewage sludge [41,91], and engine oil) [92]. As shown in Figure 2, 55 relevant articles met our rigorous inclusion criteria.…”

“…Using a pre-treatment step combined with a hydrothermal process, CDs with smaller size and higher QY were obtained from waste PET. CDs derived from terylene waste were successfully generated using a hydrothermal method (at 260 °C for 18 h), resulting in particles with sizes of 2.5-7.0 nm and a QY of 49.36% [87]. Wang et al (2022) synthesized CDs with sizes ranging from 1.6 to 4.6 nm and a high QY of 97.30% from PET textiles [85].…”