“…In recent years, many scholars from different angle have begun to consider the problems with the impact of uncertainty. For example, in the traditional packing problem, the size of each item and the capacity of the bin are assumed to be known in advance, but not for actual applications (Schepler et al, 2022). The capacity constraint under uncertainty also appears in the domain of supply-chain management (Crainic et al, 2016), hospital administration (Cardoen et al, 2010), vehicle routing (Lu and Gzara, 2019;Gounaris et al, 2013) and scheduling of batch plants in the chemical industry (Cui and Engell, 2009;Bonfill et al, 2004).…”