Solvothermal liquefaction of microalgal Tetraselmis sp. biomass to prepare biopolyols by using PEG#400-blended glycerol

Kim, Keon Hee; Jo, Yoon Ju; Lee, Choul‐Gyun; Lee, Eun-Yeol

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2015.08.007

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Modified rigid polyurethane foams showed properties similar to those of foams based on conventional, petrochemical polyols. Kim et al (2015) proposed a method for obtaining biopolyols and polyurethane foams. They performed solvothermal liquefaction of microorganisms in polyethylene glycol and glycerol in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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In this work, liquefied biomass from the Baltic Sea was used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The biomass contained 10 wt% of Enteromorpha macroalgae and 90 wt% of Zostera marina seagrass characterized by a high content of cellulose. The influence of time, temperature and the type of solvent on the efficiency of the liquefaction process and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained materials were analyzed in terms of chemical structure, rheological properties, thermal stability and basic physical and mechanical properties. It was found that optimal parameters for liquefaction of used biomass were: temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 6 h and a solvent mixture containing glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol) in ratio of 50:50 (biopolyol 50G50P_150). Under these conditions, 78 wt% of biomass was liquefied and resulting biopolyol was characterized by a hydroxyl number of 650 mg KOH/g. Depending on the used solvent mixture and the liquefaction temperature, biopolyols showed the character of Newtonian or non-Newtonian liquids. Rigid PUR foams were obtained by substitution of petrochemical polyol with 10, 20 and 30 wt% of biopolyol. It was found that the addition of biopolyol to foams' formulations did not cause significant changes in their chemical structure, while mechanical strength and thermal stability were enhanced. The presented study confirms that biomass from the Baltic Sea can be used for the synthesis of biopolyols and rigid polyurethane foams.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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“…bio-polyols, which can be subsequently incorporated into production of ecofriendly PUR materials [9][10][11]. Various sources of biomass were investigated for production of bio-polyols, such as corn bran [11], rice straw [12], wheat straw [12], bagasse, cotton stalks [13], wood [14], rapeseed cake, apple pomace [15] and algae [16]. Prepared bio-polyols were used to obtain bio-PUR, with properties often comparable to materials obtained from petroleum-based polyols [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study on Application of Biopolyols Obtained by Cellulose Biomass Liquefaction Performed with Crude Glycerol for the Synthesis of Rigid Polyurethane Foams

et al. 2017

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In this work rigid polyurethane foams (PUR) were obtained by replacement of 0-70 wt% of petrochemical polyol with biopolyol obtained via cellulose liquefaction in presence of crude glycerol. The foams with different content of a bio-polyol were prepared by single step method for NCO/OH ratio equals 1.5. The prepared materials were analyzed in terms of their morphology, chemical structure, thermal stability and basic physical and mechanical properties. The effects of photo-oxidative and thermo-oxidative aging on chemical structure, apparent density and mechanical properties of the biomass based rigid polyurethane foams were investigated and discussed.

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“…Kim et al [51], conducted solvothermal liquefaction of oven-dried Tetraselmis sp. in a mixture of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG#400) and glycerol under mild reaction conditions (from 110 • C to 210 • C) with sulfuric acid as a catalyst.…”

Section: Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Co-Solvents in Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Microalgae

et al. 2019

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This study reviewed and summarized the literature regarding the use of alcohols during hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of algal biomass feedstocks. The use of both pure alcohols and alcohol-water co-solvents were considered. Based upon this review, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the impacts of different alcohol co-solvents (ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol) on the HTL treatment of a specific saltwater microalga (Tetraselmis sp.) at two temperatures: 300 °C and 350 °C. Based on their performance, two co-solvents, isopropanol and ethylene glycol, were selected to explore the effects of varying solvent concentrations and reaction temperatures on product yields and biocrude properties. The type and amount of added alcohol did not significantly affect the biocrude yield or composition. Biocrude yields were in the range of 30–35%, while a nearly constant yield of 21% insoluble products was observed, largely resulting from ash constituents within the algal feedstock. The benefits of using alcohol co-solvents (especially isopropanol) were the reduced viscosity of the biocrude products and reduced rates of viscosity increase with biocrude aging. These effects were attributed mainly to the physical properties of the co-solvent mixtures (solubility, polarity, density, etc.) rather than chemical processes. Under the reaction conditions used, there was no evidence that the co-solvents participated in biocrude production by means of hydrogen donation or other chemical processes. Recovery and recycling of the co-solvent present various challenges, depending upon the type and amount of the co-solvent that is used. For example, glycol solvents are recovered nearly completely within the aqueous product stream, whereas simple alcohols are partitioned between the biocrude and aqueous product streams. In commercial applications, the slight benefits provided by the use of co-solvents must be balanced by the challenges of co-solvent recovery and recycling.

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Solvothermal liquefaction of microalgal Tetraselmis sp. biomass to prepare biopolyols by using PEG#400-blended glycerol

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

The Study on Application of Biopolyols Obtained by Cellulose Biomass Liquefaction Performed with Crude Glycerol for the Synthesis of Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Use of Co-Solvents in Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Microalgae

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