Solvothermal liquefaction of waste polyurethane using supercritical toluene in presence of noble metal catalysts

Ghalandari, Vahab; Banivaheb, Soudeh; Peterson, Jeffrey J.; Smith, Hunter; Reza, M. Toufiq

doi:10.1002/aic.17863

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The analysis was carried out adhering to the ASTM D5373 method. Vanadium pentoxide was used as a conditioner and 2,5‐bis(5‐tert‐butyl‐benzoxazole‐2‐yl) thiophene was used as the standard for calibration 32 . The samples were individually burned at 950°C in oxygen with helium as carrier gas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elucidating dechlorination of waste polyvinyl chloride under high‐temperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment

Ghalandari,

Scannell,

Reza

2023

AIChE Journal

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This study focused on evaluating the reduction of chlorine content in waste polyvinyl chloride (WPVC) through high‐temperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment (HTT). Catalytic HTT experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of noble metal catalysts (Ru/C, Pt/C, and Pd/C), residence time (0.5, 1, 2, and, 4 h), reaction temperature (300, 325, and 350°C), and catalyst loading (0, 5, and 10 wt%). The findings indicated that dechlorination efficiency can be achieved by 99.01% at 350°C and 1 h, with 10 wt% Pd/C loading. Based on chlorine balance, the chlorine content of the solid phase significantly decreased from 568.8 to 5.64 g kg−1 at the same condition. The catalytic HTT solid residue ash has low chlorine content under most operational conditions. These results suggest that catalytic HTT is an effective method to dechlorinate WPVC as a high‐halogenated waste plastic in order to reduce its harmful effect on the environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vanadium pentoxide was used as a conditioner and 2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-benzoxazole-2-yl) thiophene was used as the standard for calibration. 32 The samples were individually burned at 950 C in oxygen with helium as carrier gas. The oxygen (O) concentration was obtained by different method.…”

Section: Characterization Of Solid Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating dechlorination of waste polyvinyl chloride under high‐temperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment

Ghalandari,

Scannell,

Reza

2023

AIChE Journal

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“…Plastic items have become a vital component of our manufacturing and way of life as a result of the ongoing global economic growth, and the waste plastics generated by human activity now constitute a severe risk to the planet [1][2][3][4]. Nearly 300 million tonnes of waste plastics are produced annually in the world [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acidic Hydrochar on Plastic Crude Oil Produced from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Waste PVC

et al. 2022

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In this study, the effect of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of waste PVC was investigated in the presence of acidic hydrochar. The hydrochar was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of pineapple waste at 250 °C and at 1 h in the presence of citric acid. Hydrochar was acidic, stable, and porous and contained acidic functional groups. Hydrochar was co-fed with PVC during HTL to enhance HTL conversion and quality of the plastic crude oil. HTL experiments were performed at 300–350 °C, 0.25–4 h of reaction times, and 0–20 wt% hydrochar-to-PVC ratio. The plastic crude oil was separated from the solid residue to evaluate HTL conversion and to analyze elemental compositions, boiling point distribution, alteration of chemical bonds, and chemical compositions. The results showed that acidic hydrochar enhances HTL conversion with a maximum value of 28.75 at 5 wt% hydrochar content at 350 °C and 0.5 h. Furthermore, plastic crude oils contained no chloride but contained significantly high carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a higher heating value of up to 36.43 MJ/kg. The major component of the plastic crude oil was 3, 5 dimethylphenol produced ranging from 61.4 to 86.4% (percentage of total identified area) according to gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) data.

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Property of waste bottle‐grade polyethylene terephthalate restored by Ti‐based catalysts

Wang,

Li,

Cheng

et al. 2024

AIChE Journal

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This study employed titanium catalysts to degrade low‐quality PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle flakes and subsequently re‐polymerized the degradation solution to investigate whether the titanium catalyst could restore the physical and chemical properties of the degraded PET bottle flakes. The reaction process of property restoration was characterized using GPC, DSC, ICP, NMR, and so forth. The mechanism of titanium catalyst‐catalyzed PET polymerization was explored through simulation calculations. The results indicate that the waste PET bottle flakes have been restored to the standard of first‐grade PET bottle flakes under the degradation and re‐polymerization processes with the aid of dibutyl ethylene glycol titanate catalysts. The Ti ion in the recycled PET is stable and the metal ion leached from the restored PET in the strong acid environment meets food‐grade safety requirements. This study is expected to provide a new way for recycling waste PET bottle flakes.

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Solvothermal liquefaction of waste polyurethane using supercritical toluene in presence of noble metal catalysts

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

Elucidating dechlorination of waste polyvinyl chloride under high‐temperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment

Elucidating dechlorination of waste polyvinyl chloride under high‐temperature catalytic hydrothermal treatment

Effect of Acidic Hydrochar on Plastic Crude Oil Produced from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Waste PVC

Property of waste bottle‐grade polyethylene terephthalate restored by Ti‐based catalysts

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