Solvothermal reactions: an original route for the synthesis of novel materials

Demazeau, G.

doi:10.1007/s10853-007-2024-9

Cited by 188 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…However, higher transport rates often yields higher defect densities. Thus, the kinetics have to be adapted according to the advantages of a high growth rate and the disadvantages of increased defect densities [5,7]. A temperature gradient can easily be applied by different heaters, by the lack of a heater on some parts of the reaction vessel or by an induced cooling.…”

Section: Thermodynamical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

2014

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Ammonothermal synthesis is a method for synthesis and crystal growth suitable for a large range of chemically different materials, such as nitrides (e.g., GaN, AlN), amides (e.g., LiNH 2 , Zn(NH 2 ) 2 ), imides (e.g., Th(NH) 2 ), ammoniates (e.g., Ga(NH 3 ) 3 F 3 , [Al(NH 3 ) 6 ]I 3 · NH 3 ) and non-nitrogen compounds like hydroxides, hydrogen sulfides and polychalcogenides (e.g., NaOH, LiHS, CaS, Cs 2 Te 5 ). In particular, large scale production of high quality crystals is possible, due to comparatively simple scalability of the experimental set-up. The ammonothermal method is defined as employing a heterogeneous reaction in ammonia as one homogenous fluid close to or in supercritical state. Three types of milieus may be applied during ammonothermal synthesis: ammonobasic, ammononeutral or ammonoacidic, evoked by the used starting materials and mineralizers, strongly influencing the obtained products. There is little known about the dissolution and materials transport processes or the deposition mechanisms during ammonothermal crystal growth. However, the initial results indicate the possible nature of different intermediate species present in the respective milieus. A Alkali or alkaline-earth metal, A(1) = alkali metal, A(2) = alkaline-earth metal B Further metal, might be main group metal, transition or rare-earth metal M Transition metal, excluding Sc, Y, La R Rare-earth metal, Sc, Y, La-Lu X Halide E Other main group element

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Section: Thermodynamical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A (1) 7 with CN(La) of 8 and 6 respectively [155]. In Table 5 the coordination numbers of the cations by amide ions in ternary alkali metal alkaline-earth metal amides are listed and the change of the surrounding depending on the size of the metals can be compared.…”

Section: Ternary Amidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

2014

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“…Cerium (Ce) has been considered as a good doping component owing to its ferric oxide usually has high affinity surface hydroxyl groups and showed promising adsorption capacity [28,29]. To meet the requirement of suitable size distribution, fabricating doped Fe 3 O 4 by solvothermal process should be a good choice which allows for the precise control over the size, shape distribution, and crystallinity of metal oxide micro-and nano-particles [30]. On the other hands, solvothermal method can avoid conventional co-precipitation technologies' ultrafine-size defect which can cause the inefficient magnetic separation from treated water due to the randomly directed forces of Brownian motion, which are stronger than the magnetic forces [(Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1)] [31]. In addition, the concentration and ratio of precursors seem to be a key-role to control the shape of crystallites resulting of a solvothermal process [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ce(III)-doped Fe3O4 magnetic particles for efficient removal of antimony from aqueous solution

Joshi

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Hazardous Materials

174

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“…15,[31][32][33] Solvothermal syntheses are very well investigated and represent a versatile tool for the preparation of nanomaterials. [34][35][36] They bear the advantage to control size and shape by adjusting the reaction parameters. For convincing results solvents or even solvent mixtures must be varied.…”

Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

et al. 2014

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Herein we present a general approach to metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using simple metal salts as starting materials. The reducing agent can be delivered in the form of the anion incorporated into the metal precursor respectively ionic liquid. Exemplary we demonstrate the synthesis of Cu and Ag as well as ZnO and NiO nanoparticles generated either from acetate or carbonate salts. All particles are synthesised by microwave heating without the necessity of inert conditions. Two different types of ionic liquids have been used as reaction media -tetra-n-butylphosphonium acetate (n-Bu 4 POAc) and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imid (bmmim NTf 2 ). In this case, the choice of the ionic liquid seems to have significant influence on the size, shape and dispersity of the synthesised particles. It is clearly shown that the acetate anion present in all reaction mixtures can act as an inexpensive and nontoxic reducing agent. The final products in solid, liquid and gaseous phase have been characterised by XRD, TEM, NMR, FT-IR and online gas-phase MS.

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Solvothermal reactions: an original route for the synthesis of novel materials

Cited by 188 publications

References 128 publications

Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

Synthesis of Ce(III)-doped Fe3O4 magnetic particles for efficient removal of antimony from aqueous solution

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

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