Solvothermal water-diethylene glycol synthesis of LiCoPO₄and effects of surface treatments on lithium battery performance

Abstract

Solvothermal water-diethylene glycol synthesis of LiCoPO4, followed by thermal treatment under Ar, air, 5%H2/N2or NH3was investigated.

Alluaudite NaCoFe2(PO4)3 as a 2.9 V Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries Exhibiting Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Activity

“…As observed from Figure a, the 2p 3/2 and 2 p1/2 doublet in the Co 2p spectrum have binding energy values of 782.07 and 797.8 eV, respectively. The difference of binding energy between Co 2p 3/2 and its satellite peak agrees with the Co 2+ environment in NaCoFe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 as cited from previous literature . Similarly, Fe 2p 3/2 peak at 712.5 symbolizes Fe 3+ , consistent with literature containing Fe 3+ as reference (Figure c) .…”

“…The difference of binding energy between Co 2p 3/2 and its satellite peak agrees with the Co 2+ environment in NaCoFe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 as cited from previous literature. 36 Similarly, Fe 2p 3/2 peak at 712.5 symbolizes Fe 3+ , consistent with literature containing Fe 3+ as reference (Figure 3c). 37 Further, to get an insight in to the purity and local environment of the sample, we analyzed O 1S and P 2p spectra of the material.…”

“…Also, a new chemical environment corresponding to P 2 O 5 is identified with additional peaks in the O 1s (533.3 eV) spectra (Figure 3d). 36 However, we could not trace any signal of metal oxides which could later affect the electrochemical performance. The influence of combustion synthesis involving evolution of gaseous phases and shorter annealing duration was clearly marked in the porous morphology of the target compound as observed by SEM (Figure 4a).…”

“…The profile fitting with P 2p confirmed the (PO 4 ) 3– environment in the system (Figure c). Also, a new chemical environment corresponding to P 2 O 5 is identified with additional peaks in the O 1s (533.3 eV) spectra (Figure d) . However, we could not trace any signal of metal oxides which could later affect the electrochemical performance.…”

Preparation of size-controlled LiCoPO4particles by membrane emulsification using anodic porous alumina and their application as cathode active materials for Li-ion secondary batteries

“…6, the size distribution obtained for LiCoPO 4 particles through this method is smaller than the one obtained conventionally by other reported methods. 31,32 In the histograms, although there were differences in peak height, the relative standard deviation, which indicates size variation, was similar for all samples at ca. 20%.…”