Somaclonal variation within poplar

Field evaluations were conducted of pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] trees regenerated via somatic embryogenesis to assess if the trees maintained clonal fidelity and exhibited true-to-type characteristics. Phenotypic and molecular comparisons were made of trees from two different tissue culture lines after 4 years in the field. Factors evaluated included shoot growth, leaf morphology, and susceptibility to fungal scab [Cladosporium caryigenum (Ellis & Langl.) Gottwald] and southern pecan leaf phylloxera (Phylloxera russellae Stoetzel). Genetic fidelity was examined using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the culture lines in phenotypic leaf characteristics (i.e., specific leaf weight and leaf length-to-width ratio), number of shoots per 1-year-old branch, and in the frequency of scab lesions on leaves. No between-line differences were observed in trunk caliper, average and total shoot growth, shoot length per cross-sectional area, or presence of phylloxera galls. AFLP analysis readily detected differences between culture lines. Cluster analysis generally grouped trees together that were regenerated from the same line. Trees within a culture line usually exhibited similar leaf characteristics, but not shoot growth or tree height. A few trees exhibited more extreme leaf characteristics and differed from each other. However, they were statistically similar to most of the other trees in the population evaluated. AFLP data revealed that some trees exhibited greater divergence and less similarity than other trees from the same line. The nature and significance of such variation at this time are not related to any detectable phenotypic differences.

show abstract

“…sp.) trees regenerated from callus cultures (Antonetti and Pinon, 1993). Reuveni and Israeli (1990) found mutations in banana (Musa L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Performance and Molecular Evaluations of Pecan Trees Regenerated from Somatic Embryogenic Cultures

Vendrame¹,

Kochert²,

Sparks³

et al. 2000

jashs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Adventitious shoots are developed from the cells of the original explants with direct regeneration, while calli are induced from the initial explant tissues first and then new shoots are developed from the callus tissues with indirect regeneration. Compared to the differentiated tissue (such as leaf, stem, and root), calli, a group of dedifferentiated cells, are more sensitive to in vitro conditions including prolonged exposure to plant growth regulators and other chemicals; therefore, plant regeneration through callus stage may result in genetic changes known as somaclonal variations, a detriment in procedures aimed at clonal propagation or after genetic transformation (Antonetti and Pinon 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct regeneration from in vitro leaf and petiole tissues of Populus tremula ‘Erecta’

Huang

Dai

2011

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dormant buds from a mature tree of Populus tremula 'Erecta' were incubated on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 lM thidiazuron (TDZ). Induced shoots were then proliferated on medium of MS or Woody Plant Medium (WPM), or Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) supplemented with varying levels of benzyladenine (BA). Overall, shoots grown on MS medium supplemented with 1.25-2.5 lM BA exhibited the highest frequency of shoot proliferation ([95%) and more than 60% of responding explants produced more than five shoots per explant. Shoot organogenesis was induced from both leaf and petiole explants incubated on WPM medium containing BA, or TDZ, or zeatin. Among the different cytokinins tested, zeatin induced the highest frequency (average 72.1%) of shoot organogenesis. None of explants survived on media containing no cytokinins within 6-8 weeks following culture. Overall, a higher frequency of shoot regeneration was obtained from petioles than from leaf explants. The highest frequency of regeneration was achieved when petioles were incubated on WPM containing 10-20 lM zeatin. Addition of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) did not have a significant effect on shoot regeneration in all treatments. Shoot organogenesis was directly induced from petiole explants without intervening callus. Regenerated shoots were easily rooted on all tested media supplemented with 0.5 lM NAA. Rooted plants were transferred to potting mix and grown in the greenhouse.

show abstract