Somatic and germline expression of piwi during development and regeneration in the marine polychaete annelid Capitella teleta

Giani, Vincent C.; Yamaguchi, Emi; Boyle, Michael J.; Seaver, Elaine C.

doi:10.1186/2041-9139-2-10

Cited by 98 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These genes are also expressed in broad regions at early stages of development in multiple species across animal phylogeny including flatworms, mollusks, annelids and arthropods and involvement of these factors in embryogenesis has been proposed. 38,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] The highly similar expression domains of Nematostella piwi and vasa homologs (Fig. 3) are in line with their clustering in the nCounter analysis (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Characterization of the piRNA pathway during development of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

et al. 2017

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PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and associated proteins comprise a conserved pathway for silencing transposons in metazoan germlines. piRNA pathway components are also expressed in multipotent somatic stem cells in various organisms. piRNA functions have been extensively explored in bilaterian model systems, however, comprehensive studies in non-bilaterian phyla remain limited. Here we investigate the piRNA pathway during the development of Nematostella vectensis, a well-established model system belonging to Cnidaria, the sister group to Bilateria. To date, no population of somatic stem cells has been identified in this organism, despite its long life-span and regenerative capacities that require a constant cell-renewal. We show that Nematostella piRNA pathway components are broadly expressed in early developmental stages, while piRNAs themselves show differential expression, suggesting specific developmental roles of distinct piRNA families. In adults, piRNA associated proteins are enriched in the germline but also expressed in somatic cells, indicating putative stem cell properties. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence that Nematostella piRNAs cleave transposable elements as well as protein-coding genes. Our results demonstrate that somatic expression of piRNA associated proteins as well as the roles of piRNAs in transposon repression and gene regulation are likely ancestral features that evolved before the split between Cnidaria and Bilateria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Somatic expression of these genes seems to correlate with the ability to regenerate body parts in some animals of various phyla including the salamander Ambystoma mexicanum, 36 annelids [37][38][39][40] or planarians. 41 Cnidarians are well known for their remarkable regeneration capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the piRNA pathway during development of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

et al. 2017

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“…However, a number of Capitella genes show expression patterns towards the end of the larval development very similar to the SAZ expressions described for Platynereis. In particular, evx and Hox3 are expressed in ringshaped patterns at the location of the ectodermal SAZ (Seaver et al, 2012;Fröbius et al, 2008), runx is expressed in a ring-shaped pattern in the mesodermal SAZ (Seaver et al, 2012) and the RNAbinding protein coding genes vasa, nanos (Dill and Seaver, 2008) and piwi (Giani et al, 2011) are expressed in both cell populations of the SAZ. This suggests that a SAZ very similar to Platynereis is present in Capitella and presumably homologous teloblasts have yet to be fully characterized.…”

Section: A New Comprehensive Definition Of Annelid Teloblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The processes for the regeneration of segments seems however quite different between posterior and anterior regeneration. During posterior regeneration, which has been well studied in a large number of annelid species (Müller 2004, Giani et al, 2011Pfeifer et al, 2012 for recent studies), the first event is the formation of a regeneration blastema. This blastema rapidly regenerates a new terminal piece, the pygidium, with a functional anus.…”

Section: Regeneration Of Segments: Two Distinct Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segment formation in Annelids: patterns, processes and evolution

Balavoine¹

2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The debate on the origin of segmentation is a central question in the study of body plan evolution in metazoans. Annelids are the most conspicuously metameric animals as most of the trunk is formed of identical anatomical units. In this paper, I summarize the various patterns of evolution of the metameric body plan in annelids, showing the remarkable evolvability of this trait, similar to what is also found in arthropods. I then review the different modes of segment formation in the annelid tree, taking into account the various processes taking place in the life histories of these animals, including embryogenesis, post-embryonic development, regeneration and asexual reproduction. As an example of the variations that occur at the cellular and genetic level in annelid segment formation, I discuss the processes of teloblastic growth or posterior addition in key groups in the annelid tree. I propose a comprehensive definition for the teloblasts, stem cells that are responsible for sequential segment addition. There are a diversity of different mechanisms used in annelids to produce segments depending on the species, the developmental time and also the life history processes of the worm. A major goal for the future will be to reconstitute an ancestral process (or several ancestral processes) in the ancestor of the whole clade. This in turn will provide key insights in the current debate on ancestral bilaterian segmentation.

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“…There are five papers concerning Argonaute, however of the PIWI clade, which is functioning in the germline (Sugio et al, 2008;Giani et al, 2011;Weigert et al, 2013;Kozin and Kostyuchenko, 2015;Ozpolat and Bely, 2015). Blast search of Helobdella genome identified two AGO paralogs (XM_009021176.1 and XM_009031816.1) and two possible PIWI proteins (XM_009015681.1 and XM_009021522.1).…”

Section: Argonaute Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

Pačes

Nič²,

Novotný³

et al. 2017

EFS3

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This report is the outcome of an EFSA procurement aiming at investigating and summarising the state of knowledge on (I) the mode-of-action of dsRNA and miRNA pathways, (II) the potential for nontarget gene regulation by dsRNA-derived siRNAs or miRNAs, (III) the determination of siRNA pools in plant tissues and the importance of individual siRNAs for silencing. The report is based on a comprehensive and systematic literature search, starting with the identification and retrieval of~190,000 publications related to the research area and further filtered down with keywords to produce focused collections used for subsequent screening of titles and abstracts. The report is comprised of an (I) Introduction to the field of small RNAs, (II) a Data and Methodologies section containing strategies used for literature search and study selection, and (III) the Results of the literature review organized according to the three main procurement tasks. The outcome of the first task reviews dsRNA and miRNA pathways in mammals (including humans), birds, fish, arthropods, annelids, molluscs, nematodes, and plants. Eight taxon-dedicated chapters are based on~1,400 cumulative references chosen from~10,000 inspected titles and abstracts. We review conserved and divergent aspects of small RNA pathways and dsRNA responses in animals and plants including structure and function of key proteins as well as four basic mechanisms: genome-encoded posttranscriptional regulations (miRNA), degradation of RNAs by short interfering RNA pools generated from long dsRNA (RNAi), transcriptional silencing, and sequence-independent responses to dsRNA. The outcome of the second task focuses on base pairing between small RNAs and their target RNAs and predictability of biological effects of small RNAs in animals and plants. The outcome of the last task reviews methodology, siRNA pools, and movement of small RNAs in plants. Potential transfer of small RNAs between species and circulating miRNAs in mammals is described in the final chapter.

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Somatic and germline expression of piwi during development and regeneration in the marine polychaete annelid Capitella teleta

Cited by 98 publications

References 48 publications

Characterization of the piRNA pathway during development of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

Characterization of the piRNA pathway during development of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

Segment formation in Annelids: patterns, processes and evolution

Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

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